Exam question 4 · Animal sounds, rain, snow, sun and rainbows
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the noun "veselka"?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: noun
This is exam question 4 of lesson 23 «Animal sounds, rain, snow, sun and rainbows» of the Ukrainian street course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 characterises | nsubj |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 statements | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 statements | det |
| 4 | following | follow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 statements | amod |
| 5 | statements | statement | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 characterises | obl |
| 6 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 7 accurately | advmod |
| 7 | accurately | accurately | ADV | _ | 8 characterises | advmod |
| 8 | characterises | characteris | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 noun | det |
| 10 | noun | noun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 characterises | obj |
| 11 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 veselka | punct |
| 12 | veselka | veselka | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 noun | appos |
| 13 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 veselka | punct |
| 14 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 8 characterises | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | follow | gerund | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | characteris | present | the noun | of the following statements; accurately property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
It denotes a puddle and is related to a word signifying wetness
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 denotes | nsubj |
| 2 | denotes | denote | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 puddle | det |
| 4 | puddle | puddle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 denotes | obj |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 related | cc |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 related | cop |
| 7 | related | related | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 denotes | conj |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 word | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 word | det |
| 10 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 related | obl |
| 11 | signifying | signify | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 10 word | acl |
| 12 | wetness | wetness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 signifying | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | denote | present | It | a puddle | vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot puddle=Topic | ||||
| 2 | is | present | to a word; related property | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | signify | gerund | a word not said here | wetness | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot wetness=Theme |
Option 2
It denotes thunder and is related to a word signifying noise
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 denotes | nsubj |
| 2 | denotes | denote | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | thunder | thunder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 denotes | obj |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 related | cc |
| 5 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 related | cop |
| 6 | related | related | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 denotes | conj |
| 7 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 word | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 word | det |
| 9 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 related | obl |
| 10 | signifying | signify | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 9 word | acl |
| 11 | noise | noise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 signifying | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | denote | present | It | thunder | vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot thunder=Topic | ||||
| 2 | is | present | to a word; related property | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | signify | gerund | a word not said here | noise | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot noise=Theme |
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer
It denotes a rainbow and is related to a word signifying cheerfulness
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 denotes | nsubj |
| 2 | denotes | denote | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 rainbow | det |
| 4 | rainbow | rainbow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 denotes | obj |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 related | cc |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 related | cop |
| 7 | related | related | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 denotes | conj |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 word | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 word | det |
| 10 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 related | obl |
| 11 | signifying | signify | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 10 word | acl |
| 12 | cheerfulness | cheerfulness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 signifying | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | denote | present | It | a rainbow | vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot rainbow=Topic | ||||
| 2 | is | present | to a word; related property | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | signify | gerund | a word not said here | cheerfulness | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot cheerfulness=Theme |
Option 4
It denotes the wind and is related to a word signifying speed
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 denotes | nsubj |
| 2 | denotes | denote | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 wind | det |
| 4 | wind | wind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 denotes | obj |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 related | cc |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 related | cop |
| 7 | related | related | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 denotes | conj |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 word | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 word | det |
| 10 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 related | obl |
| 11 | signifying | signify | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 10 word | acl |
| 12 | speed | speed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 signifying | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | denote | present | It | the wind | vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot wind=Topic | ||||
| 2 | is | present | to a word; related property | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | signify | gerund | a word not said here | speed | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot speed=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/ukrainian-street/23-animal-sounds-rain-snow-sun-rainbows/e4/