Exam question 4 · To a hundred, first and last, and the first colour

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning counting on the fingers.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern, count · To what, where: response

This is exam question 4 of lesson 9 «To a hundred, first and last, and the first colour» of the Ukrainian street course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	counting	count	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 concerning	xcomp
11	on	on	ADP	_	13 fingers	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 fingers	det
13	fingers	finger	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 counting	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here			tree rules
4	count	gerund	the established facts not said here		on the fingers	vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S_ING»: agent=Agent on finger=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Ukrainians count exclusively with the toes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ukrainians	Ukrainian	PROPN	Number=Plur	2 count	nsubj
2	count	count	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	_	2 count	advmod
4	with	with	ADP	_	6 toes	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 toes	det
6	toes	toe	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 count	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	count	present	Ukrainians					with the toes; exclusively property	vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus

Option 2

All nations display numbers upon the fingers in an identical manner, so that no difference whatever may be observed between Ukrainian and English counting

The tree, 24 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	All	all	DET	PronType=Tot	2 nations	det
2	nations	nation	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 display	nsubj
3	display	display	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	numbers	number	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 display	obj
5	upon	upon	ADP	_	7 fingers	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 fingers	det
7	fingers	finger	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 display	obl
8	in	in	ADP	_	11 manner	case
9	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 manner	det
10	identical	identical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 manner	amod
11	manner	manner	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 display	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 difference	punct
13	so	so	SCONJ	_	16 difference	case
14	that	that	SCONJ	_	13 so	fixed
15	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	16 difference	det
16	difference	difference	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 display	parataxis
17	whatever	whatever	PRON	PronType=Rel	20 observed	nsubj:pass
18	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	20 observed	aux
19	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	20 observed	aux:pass
20	observed	observe	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	16 difference	acl:relcl
21	between	between	ADP	_	22 Ukrainian	case
22	Ukrainian	Ukrainian	PROPN	Number=Sing	20 observed	obl
23	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 English	cc
24	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	22 Ukrainian	conj
25	counting	count	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	16 difference	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	display	present	all nations	numbers	a identical manner	upon the fingers	vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent number=Theme
2	observe	may · passive		whatever		between Ukrainian and English	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic
3	count	gerund	no difference not said here				vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Many Ukrainians bend the fingers into the palm one by one, so that a number may appear otherwise than in English counting

The tree, 22 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 Ukrainians	amod
2	Ukrainians	Ukrainian	PROPN	Number=Plur	3 bend	nsubj
3	bend	bend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 fingers	det
5	fingers	finger	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 bend	obj
6	into	into	ADP	_	8 palm	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 palm	det
8	palm	palm	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 bend	obl
9	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 palm	flat
10	by	by	ADP	_	11 one	case
11	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	9 one	nmod
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 appear	punct
13	so	so	ADV	_	18 appear	advmod
14	that	that	SCONJ	_	18 appear	mark
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 number	det
16	number	number	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 appear	nsubj
17	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	18 appear	aux
18	appear	appear	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 bend	conj
19	otherwise	otherwise	ADV	_	18 appear	advmod
20	than	than	ADP	_	19 otherwise	fixed
21	in	in	ADP	_	22 English	case
22	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	18 appear	obl
23	counting	count	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	18 appear	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	bend	present	Many Ukrainians	the fingers	the palm		vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent finger=Material into palm=Product
2	appear	may	a number		English	otherwise property	tree rules
3	count	gerund	a number not said here				vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus

Option 4

Counting on the fingers is unknown in Ukraine

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Counting	count	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 unknown	csubj
2	on	on	ADP	_	4 fingers	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 fingers	det
4	fingers	finger	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Counting	obl
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 unknown	cop
6	unknown	unknown	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 Ukraine	case
8	Ukraine	Ukraine	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 unknown	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	count	gerund						on the fingers	vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S_ING»: agent=Agent on finger=Theme
2	is	present	Counting			Ukraine		unknown property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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