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Test 1 · ★★★ · Communication: letters, phones, radio and the internet

In 1850 a merchant in London wants a reply from a friend in Sydney. Why will he wait so long?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: merchant · What happens: want, wait · To what, where: reply, 1850

This is test 1 · ★★★ of lesson 100 «Communication: letters, phones, radio and the internet» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In 1850 a merchant in London wants a reply from a friend in Sydney.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 1850	case
2	1850	1850	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	7 wants	obl
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 merchant	det
4	merchant	merchant	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 wants	nsubj
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 London	case
6	London	London	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 merchant	nmod
7	wants	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 reply	det
9	reply	reply	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 wants	obj
10	from	from	ADP	_	12 friend	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 friend	det
12	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 reply	nmod
13	in	in	ADP	_	14 Sydney	case
14	Sydney	Sydney	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 friend	nmod
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 wants	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	want	present	a merchant in London	a reply		1850		from a friend in Sydney	vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot reply=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why will he wait so long?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 wait	advmod
2	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 wait	aux
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 wait	nsubj
4	wait	wait	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	so	so	ADV	_	6 long	advmod
6	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	4 wait	advmod
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 wait	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wait	future	merchant					long property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The letter and the reply must both go by ship

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 letter	det
2	letter	letter	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 go	nsubj
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 reply	cc
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 reply	det
5	reply	reply	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 letter	conj
6	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 go	aux
7	both	both	ADV	_	8 go	advmod
8	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
9	by	by	ADP	_	10 ship	case
10	ship	ship	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 go	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	must	the letter and the reply					by ship; both property	vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by ship=Location

Option 2

Letters to Australia had to be written twice

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Letters	letter	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 had	nsubj
2	to	to	ADP	_	3 Australia	case
3	Australia	Australia	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Letters	nmod
4	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	7 written	mark
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	7 written	aux:pass
7	written	write	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 had	xcomp
8	twice	twice	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	7 written	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	Letters to Australia						tree rules
2	write	to-infinitive · passive	Letters to Australia not said here					twice property	vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»

Option 3

Post offices opened only once a year then

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Post	post	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 offices	compound
2	offices	office	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 opened	nsubj
3	opened	open	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	only	only	ADV	_	5 once	advmod
5	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	3 opened	advmod
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 year	det
7	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 once	obl:unmarked
8	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	3 opened	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	open	past	Post offices				then	once property	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

The telegraph to Australia was much too expensive to use

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 telegraph	det
2	telegraph	telegraph	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 expensive	nsubj
3	to	to	ADP	_	4 Australia	case
4	Australia	Australia	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 telegraph	nmod
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 expensive	cop
6	much	much	ADV	_	8 expensive	advmod
7	too	too	ADV	_	8 expensive	advmod
8	expensive	expensive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
9	to	to	PART	_	10 use	mark
10	use	use	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 expensive	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	the telegraph to Australia					expensive property	tree rules
2	use	to-infinitive	the telegraph to Australia not said here						vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/100-communication-letters-to-internet/t1/