Exam question 2 · How our calendar was made: Romans, Julius Caesar and Pope…

Given that the Julian year exceeded the solar year by approximately eleven minutes, ascertain the approximate interval over which the error accumulated to one entire day.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Julian year, you, error · What happens: give, exceed, ascertain, accumulate · To what, where: approximate interval

This is exam question 2 of lesson 116 «How our calendar was made: Romans, Julius Caesar and Pope Gregory» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 exceeded	mark
2	that	that	SCONJ	_	6 exceeded	mark
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 year	det
4	Julian	Julian	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 year	compound
5	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 exceeded	nsubj
6	exceeded	exceed	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	15 ascertain	advcl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 year	det
8	solar	solar	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 year	amod
9	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 exceeded	obj
10	by	by	ADP	_	13 minutes	case
11	approximately	approximately	ADV	_	12 eleven	advmod
12	eleven	eleven	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	13 minutes	nummod
13	minutes	minute	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 exceeded	obl
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 ascertain	punct
15	ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 interval	det
17	approximate	approximate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 interval	amod
18	interval	interval	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 ascertain	obj
19	over	over	ADP	_	20 which	case
20	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	23 accumulated	obl
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 error	det
22	error	error	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 accumulated	nsubj
23	accumulated	accumulate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	18 interval	acl:relcl
24	to	to	ADP	_	27 day	case
25	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	27 day	nummod
26	entire	entire	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 day	amod
27	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 accumulated	obl
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	15 ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	roles by
1	give	participle					vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient
2	exceed	past	the Julian year			minute; year	vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot
3	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the approximate interval			vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent interval=Topic
4	accumulate	past	the error		the approximate interval	day	vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Approximately one thousand six hundred years

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Approximately	approximately	ADV	_	3 thousand	advmod
2	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	3 thousand	compound
3	thousand	thousand	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 years	nummod
4	six	six	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 hundred	compound
5	hundred	hundred	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	3 thousand	nmod
6	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

Approximately four years

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Approximately	approximately	ADV	_	2 four	advmod
2	four	four	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	3 years	nummod
3	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Approximately one hundred and thirty years

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Approximately	approximately	ADV	_	3 hundred	advmod
2	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	3 hundred	compound
3	hundred	hundred	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 years	nummod
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 thirty	cc
5	thirty	thirty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	3 hundred	conj
6	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4

Approximately eleven years

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Approximately	approximately	ADV	_	2 eleven	advmod
2	eleven	eleven	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	3 years	nummod
3	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/116-how-our-calendar-was-made/e2/