Test 11 · ★ · How our calendar was made: Romans, Julius Caesar and Pope…

Gran: "2000 wasn't a leap year, love, century years never are." Is she right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: 2000, she · What happens: not be, be · To what, where: leap year

This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 116 «How our calendar was made: Romans, Julius Caesar and Pope Gregory» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Gran: "2000 wasn't a leap year, love, century years never are."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Gran	gran	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 year	punct
3	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 year	punct
4	2000	2000	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	9 year	nsubj
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 year	cop
6	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 year	advmod
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 year	det
8	leap	leap	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 year	compound
9	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Gran	conj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 love	punct
11	love	love	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 year	vocative
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 years	punct
13	century	century	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 years	compound
14	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 are	obl:unmarked
15	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	16 are	advmod
16	are	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 year	advcl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Gran	punct
18	"	"	PUNCT	_	1 Gran	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not is a in a quote	past	2000	a leap year				love vocative	tree rules
2	not be in a quote	present	2000 not said here				year		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Is she right?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
2	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
3	right	right	ADV	_	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 right	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	she					right property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

No, 2000 was a leap year because it divides by 400

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	7 year	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	2000	2000	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	7 year	nsubj
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 year	cop
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 year	det
6	leap	leap	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 year	compound
7	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	because	because	SCONJ	_	10 divides	mark
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 divides	nsubj
10	divides	divide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 year	advcl
11	by	by	ADP	_	12 400	case
12	400	400	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	10 divides	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	2000	a leap year					tree rules
2	divide	present	it					by 400	vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent by 400=Co-Theme

Option 2

Yes, only years ending in 4 are leap years

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 years	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	only	only	ADV	_	4 years	advmod
4	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 years	nsubj
5	ending	end	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 years	acl
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 4	case
7	4	4	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 ending	obl
8	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 years	cop
9	leap	leap	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 years	compound
10	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	end	gerund	years not said here			4			vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
2	is a	present	years	leap years					tree rules

Option 3

Yes, no century year can ever be a leap year, not one

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	11 year	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 year	det
4	century	century	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 year	compound
5	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 year	obl:unmarked
6	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 year	aux
7	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	11 year	advmod
8	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	11 year	cop
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 year	det
10	leap	leap	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 year	compound
11	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 one	punct
13	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	14 one	advmod
14	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 year	appos

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	can		a leap year			ever; year		tree rules

Option 4

No, every century year is a leap year

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	9 year	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	5 year	det
4	century	century	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 year	compound
5	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 year	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 year	cop
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 year	det
8	leap	leap	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 year	compound
9	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	every century year	a leap year					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/116-how-our-calendar-was-made/t11/