Exam question 3 · "The game is rigged because I lost"

Determine the term properly applied to attributing one's successes to skill and one's failures to external causes.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, one · What happens: determine, apply, attribute, fail · To what, where: term, successes

This is exam question 3 of lesson 173 «"The game is rigged because I lost"» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Determine	determine	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 term	det
3	term	term	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Determine	obj
4	properly	properly	ADV	_	5 applied	advmod
5	applied	apply	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 term	acl
6	to	to	SCONJ	_	7 attributing	mark
7	attributing	attribute	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 applied	advcl
8	one	one	PRON	Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 successes	nmod:poss
9	's	's	PART	_	8 one	case
10	successes	success	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 attributing	obj
11	to	to	PART	_	12 skill	mark
12	skill	skill	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 attributing	advcl
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 failures	cc
14	one	one	PRON	Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 failures	nmod:poss
15	's	's	PART	_	14 one	case
16	failures	failure	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 attributing	conj
17	to	to	ADP	_	19 causes	case
18	external	external	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 causes	amod
19	causes	cause	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 attributing	obl
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Determine	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	determine	imperative	you not said here	the term		vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent term=Topic
2	apply	participle		the term not said here	properly property	vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	attribute	gerund		one's successes	to external causes	tree rules
4	fail		one			nom failure «act intransitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A self-serving bias

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 bias	det
2	self	self	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 serving	compound
3	-	-	PUNCT	_	2 self	punct
4	serving	serve	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 bias	amod
5	bias	bias	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	serve	gerund							vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent

Option 2

The sunk cost fallacy

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 fallacy	det
2	sunk	sunk	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 fallacy	amod
3	cost	cost	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 fallacy	compound
4	fallacy	fallacy	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3

The gambler's fallacy

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 gambler	det
2	gambler	gambler	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 fallacy	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 gambler	case
4	fallacy	fallacy	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4

Circular reasoning

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Circular	circular	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 reasoning	amod
2	reasoning	reasoning	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/173-the-game-is-rigged-because-i-lost/e3/