Test 2 · ★ · One counterexample is enough Sophie's brother: "Lionesses won the Euros twice in a row, Sophie. Who's 'can't' now?" What is his point?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: brother, point, Sophie · What happens: win, not be, be, point · To what, where: Euros, row
This is test 2 · ★ of lesson 187 «One counterexample is enough» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Sophie's brother: "Lionesses won the Euros twice in a row, Sophie.
nmod:poss case nsubj punct punct nsubj det obj advmod case det obl punct appos punct root Sophie PROPN 's PART brother NOUN : PUNCT " PUNCT Lionesses NOUN won VERB the DET Euros PROPN twice ADV in ADP a DET row NOUN , PUNCT Sophie PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sophie Sophie PROPN Number=Sing 3 brother nmod:poss 2 's 's PART _ 1 Sophie case 3 brother brother NOUN Number=Sing 7 won nsubj 4 : : PUNCT _ 7 won punct 5 " " PUNCT _ 6 Lionesses punct 6 Lionesses lioness NOUN Number=Plur 7 won nsubj 7 won win VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 Euros det 9 Euros Euro PROPN Number=Plur 7 won obj 10 twice twice ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Mult 7 won advmod 11 in in ADP _ 13 row case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 row det 13 row row NOUN Number=Sing 7 won obl 14 , , PUNCT _ 15 Sophie punct 15 Sophie Sophie PROPN Number=Sing 13 row appos 16 . . PUNCT _ 7 won punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 win in a quote past Sophie's brother the Euros a row twice property vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent euro=Eventuality
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Who's 'can't' now?"
nsubj cop punct aux advmod advmod punct punct root Who PRON 's AUX ' PUNCT ca AUX n't PART ' VERB now ADV ? PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Who who PRON PronType=Rel 6 ' nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 ' cop 3 ' ' PUNCT _ 6 ' punct 4 ca can AUX VerbForm=Fin 6 ' aux 5 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 6 ' advmod 6 ' ' VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 now now ADV PronType=Dem 6 ' advmod 8 ? ? PUNCT _ 6 ' punct 9 " " PUNCT _ 6 ' punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not is can · present now ' property tree rules
Sentence 3: What is his point?
cop nmod:poss nsubj punct root What PRON is AUX his PRON point NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int root root 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 What cop 3 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 point nmod:poss 4 point point NOUN Number=Sing 1 What nsubj 5 ? ? PUNCT _ 1 What punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Sophie's point tree rules 2 point Sophie nom point «cognition transitive»: poss=agent
The options Option 1 · ← Mova's choice The Euros don't count
det nsubj aux advmod root The DET Euros PROPN do AUX n't PART count VERB The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Euros det 2 Euros Euro PROPN Number=Plur 5 count nsubj 3 do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 count aux 4 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 5 count advmod 5 count count VERB VerbForm=Inf root root
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not count present · do-support the Euros vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus
Option 2 Only England's women can play football
advmod nmod:poss case nsubj aux obj root Only ADV England PROPN 's PART women NOUN can AUX play VERB football NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Only only ADV _ 4 women advmod 2 England England PROPN Number=Sing 4 women nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 England case 4 women woman NOUN Number=Plur 6 play nsubj 5 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 6 play aux 6 play play VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 football football NOUN Number=Sing 6 play obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 play can England's women football vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent football=Theme
Option 3 Boys can't play football
nsubj aux advmod obj root Boys NOUN ca AUX n't PART play VERB football NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Boys boy NOUN Number=Plur 4 play nsubj 2 ca can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 play aux 3 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 4 play advmod 4 play play VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 football football NOUN Number=Sing 4 play obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not play can Boys football vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent football=Theme
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer One example knocks down "can't", and here there are loads
nummod nsubj compound:prt punct aux parataxis punct punct cc advmod expl conj nsubj root One NUM example NOUN knocks VERB down ADP " PUNCT ca AUX n't PART " PUNCT , PUNCT and CCONJ here ADV there PRON are VERB loads NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 One one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 2 example nummod 2 example example NOUN Number=Sing 3 knocks nsubj 3 knocks knock VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 down down ADP _ 3 knocks compound:prt 5 " " PUNCT _ 7 n't punct 6 ca can AUX VerbForm=Fin 7 n't aux 7 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 knocks parataxis 8 " " PUNCT _ 7 n't punct 9 , , PUNCT _ 13 are punct 10 and and CCONJ _ 13 are cc 11 here here ADV PronType=Dem 13 are advmod 12 there there PRON PronType=Dem 13 are expl 13 are be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 knocks conj 14 loads load NOUN Number=Plur 13 are nsubj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 knock down present One example tree rules 2 does present loads here; there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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