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Test 4 · ★★★ · Olympiad: logic traps and if-then ★★★

Jamie from Newcastle: "Howay, Ann's taller than Ben and Cal's taller than Ben, so Ann's the tallest, the gadgie said." What is true?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Ann, gadgie · What happens: be, say · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 4 · ★★★ of lesson 193 «Olympiad: logic traps and if-then ★★★» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Jamie from Newcastle: "Howay, Ann's taller than Ben and Cal's taller than Ben, so Ann's the tallest, the gadgie said."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Jamie	Jamie	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 taller	nsubj
2	from	from	ADP	_	3 Newcastle	case
3	Newcastle	Newcastle	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Jamie	nmod
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	6 Howay	punct
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 Howay	punct
6	Howay	Howay	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 taller	nsubj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 taller	punct
8	Ann	Ann	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 taller	nmod:poss
9	's	's	PART	_	8 Ann	case
10	taller	tall	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
11	than	than	ADP	_	12 Ben	case
12	Ben	Ben	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 taller	obl
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 taller	cc
14	Cal	Cal	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 taller	nmod:poss
15	's	's	PART	_	14 Cal	case
16	taller	tall	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	10 taller	conj
17	than	than	ADP	_	18 Ben	case
18	Ben	Ben	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 taller	obl
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 tallest	punct
20	so	so	ADV	_	24 tallest	advmod
21	Ann	Ann	PROPN	Number=Sing	24 tallest	nsubj
22	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	24 tallest	cop
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 tallest	det
24	tallest	tall	ADJ	Degree=Sup	10 taller	parataxis
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 said	punct
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 gadgie	det
27	gadgie	gadgie	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 said	nsubj
28	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 taller	conj
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 taller	punct
30	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 taller	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is in a quote	present	Ann					tall property	tree rules
2	say speech: assert in a quote	past	the gadgie						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is true?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Ann and Cal are the same height

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ann	Ann	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 height	nsubj
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 Cal	cc
3	Cal	Cal	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Ann	conj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 height	cop
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 height	det
6	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 height	amod
7	height	height	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Ann and Cal	the same height					tree rules

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

Cal is the tallest

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cal	Cal	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 tallest	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 tallest	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 tallest	det
4	tallest	tall	ADJ	Degree=Sup	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Cal					tall property	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Only that Ben is the shortest

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	6 shortest	advmod
2	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 Ben	det
3	Ben	Ben	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 shortest	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 shortest	cop
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 shortest	det
6	shortest	short	ADJ	Degree=Sup	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	that Ben					short property	tree rules

Option 4

Ann is the tallest

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ann	Ann	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 tallest	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 tallest	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 tallest	det
4	tallest	tall	ADJ	Degree=Sup	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Ann					tall property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/193-olympiad-logic-traps-and-if-then/t4/