Test 2 · Forces — pushes, pulls, friction and magnets

Why do football boots have studs on the sole?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: football boots · What happens: have · To what, where: studs, sole

This is test 2 of lesson 51 «Forces — pushes, pulls, friction and magnets» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	5 have	advmod
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 have	aux
3	football	football	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 boots	compound
4	boots	boot	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 have	nsubj
5	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	studs	stud	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 have	obj
7	on	on	ADP	_	9 sole	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 sole	det
9	sole	sole	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 studs	nmod
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 have	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present · do-support	football boots	studs		the sole			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stud=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

To stop gravity pulling the player down

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 stop	mark
2	stop	stop	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	gravity	gravity	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 stop	obj
4	pulling	pull	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 stop	xcomp
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 player	det
6	player	player	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 pulling	obj
7	down	down	ADP	_	4 pulling	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stop	to-infinitive		gravity					tree rules
2	pull down	gerund		the player					vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent player=Theme

Option 2

To make the boots lighter to run in

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 make	mark
2	make	make	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 boots	det
4	boots	boot	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 make	obj
5	lighter	light	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 make	xcomp
6	to	to	PART	_	7 run	mark
7	run	run	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 lighter	advcl
8	in	in	ADP	_	7 run	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	to-infinitive		the boots				light property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset boot=Product
2	run	to-infinitive							vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

To reduce friction so the players can slide

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 reduce	mark
2	reduce	reduce	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	friction	friction	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 reduce	obj
4	so	so	SCONJ	_	8 slide	mark
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 players	det
6	players	player	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 slide	nsubj
7	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 slide	aux
8	slide	slide	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 reduce	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reduce	to-infinitive		friction					vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer friction=Patient
2	slide	can	the players						vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

To grip the ground and increase friction

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 grip	mark
2	grip	grip	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 ground	det
4	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 grip	obj
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 friction	cc
6	increase	increase	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 friction	compound
7	friction	friction	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 ground	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grip	to-infinitive		the ground and increase friction					vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ground=Experiencer

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/51-forces/t2/