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Test 3 · ★★★ · Thinking it through — forces, heat, light and energy

You count 6 seconds between a lightning flash and its thunder, and later only 3 seconds. What has happened?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: You, its · What happens: count, thunder, happen

This is test 3 · ★★★ of lesson 60 «Thinking it through — forces, heat, light and energy» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: You count 6 seconds between a lightning flash and its thunder, and later only 3 seconds.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	You	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	2 count	nsubj
2	count	count	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	6	6	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	4 seconds	nummod
4	seconds	second	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 count	obj
5	between	between	ADP	_	8 flash	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 flash	det
7	lightning	lightning	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 flash	compound
8	flash	flash	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 seconds	nmod
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 thunder	cc
10	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 thunder	nmod:poss
11	thunder	thunder	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 flash	conj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 later	punct
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 later	cc
14	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	2 count	advmod
15	only	only	ADV	_	16 3	advmod
16	3	3	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	17 seconds	nummod
17	seconds	second	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 later	obl
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 count	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	count	present	You				second	late property	vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus
2	thunder		its = it						nom thunder «event intransitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What has happened?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happened	nsubj
2	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 happened	aux
3	happened	happen	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happened	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	present · perfect							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

The storm has come closer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 storm	det
2	storm	storm	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 come	nsubj
3	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 come	aux
4	come	come	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	closer	close	ADV	Degree=Cmp	4 come	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	present · perfect	the storm					close property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

The thunder has become faster

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 thunder	det
2	thunder	thunder	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 become	nsubj
3	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 become	aux
4	become	become	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	4 become	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	become	present · perfect	the thunder					fast property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

The storm has moved further away

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 storm	det
2	storm	storm	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 moved	nsubj
3	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 moved	aux
4	moved	move	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	further	further	ADV	_	6 away	advmod
6	away	away	ADV	_	4 moved	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	move	present · perfect	the storm					away property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

The lightning has become slower

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 lightning	det
2	lightning	lightning	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 become	nsubj
3	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 become	aux
4	become	become	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	slower	slow	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 become	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	become	present · perfect	the lightning					slow property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/60-reasoning-energy-technology/t3/