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Test 4 · ★★★ · Thinking it through — forces, heat, light and energy

Two children try to move a boulder with the same bar. One holds it near the pivot, the other at the far end. Who needs less force?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Two children, One · What happens: try, move, hold, need · To what, where: boulder, pivot, less force

This is test 4 · ★★★ of lesson 60 «Thinking it through — forces, heat, light and energy» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Two children try to move a boulder with the same bar.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 children	nummod
2	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 try	nsubj
3	try	try	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 move	mark
5	move	move	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 try	xcomp
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 boulder	det
7	boulder	boulder	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 move	obj
8	with	with	ADP	_	11 bar	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 bar	det
10	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 bar	amod
11	bar	bar	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 move	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 try	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	try	present	Two children						vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	move not said to happen	to-infinitive	Two children not said here	a boulder				with the same bar	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent boulder=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: One holds it near the pivot, the other at the far end.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	One	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 holds	nsubj
2	holds	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 holds	obj
4	near	near	ADP	_	6 pivot	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 pivot	det
6	pivot	pivot	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 holds	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 other	punct
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 other	det
9	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 pivot	amod
10	at	at	ADP	_	13 end	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 end	det
12	far	far	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 end	amod
13	end	end	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 other	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 holds	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hold	present	One	boulder		the pivot			vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent it=Theme near pivot=Location

Sentence 3: Who needs less force?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	2 needs	nsubj
2	needs	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	less	less	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 force	amod
4	force	force	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 needs	obj
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 needs	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	present		less force					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot force=Theme

The options

Option 1

Neither, since bars do not help

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Neither	neither	ADV	_	7 help	advmod
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Neither	punct
3	since	since	ADP	_	4 bars	case
4	bars	bar	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 help	obl
5	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 help	aux
6	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 help	advmod
7	help	help	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not help	present · do-support					since bars	neither property	vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent

Option 2

The one holding near the pivot

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 one	det
2	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	holding	hold	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 one	acl
4	near	near	ADP	_	6 pivot	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 pivot	det
6	pivot	pivot	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 holding	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hold	gerund	the one not said here			the pivot			vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme near pivot=Location

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The one holding the far end

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 one	det
2	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	holding	hold	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 one	acl
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 end	det
5	far	far	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 end	amod
6	end	end	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 holding	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hold	gerund	the one not said here	the far end					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent end=Theme

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

They need exactly the same force

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 need	nsubj
2	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	6 force	advmod
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 force	det
5	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 force	amod
6	force	force	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 need	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	present	They	the same force					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot force=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/60-reasoning-energy-technology/t4/