Test 12 · ★ · Volcanoes and earthquakes up close

Mia says scientists can tell the exact day an earthquake will hit. true?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Mia, scientists, earthquake · What happens: say, tell, hit · To what, where: exact day · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 12 · ★ of lesson 62 «Volcanoes and earthquakes up close» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mia	Mia	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 tell	nsubj
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 tell	aux
5	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 says	ccomp
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 day	det
7	exact	exact	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 day	amod
8	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 tell	obj
9	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 earthquake	det
10	earthquake	earthquake	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 hit	nsubj
11	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 hit	aux
12	hit	hit	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 day	acl:relcl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 tell	punct
14	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 tell	ccomp
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Mia			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	tell speech: assert	can	scientists		day	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	hit	future	a earthquake	the exact day not said here		vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme day=Co-Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

No, scientists cannot measure earthquakes at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	6 measure	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 measure	nsubj
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 measure	aux
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 measure	advmod
6	measure	measure	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	earthquakes	earthquake	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 measure	obj
8	at	at	ADP	_	9 all	case
9	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 measure	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not measure	can	scientists	earthquakes		all			vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP PP.value»: agent=Agent earthquake=Theme at all=Value

Option 2

Yes, seismometers can warn of every single quake at least a week ahead

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	5 warn	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	seismometers	seismometer	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 warn	nsubj
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 warn	aux
5	warn	warn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	9 quake	case
7	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	9 quake	det
8	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 quake	amod
9	quake	quake	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 warn	obl
10	at	at	ADP	_	11 least	case
11	least	least	ADJ	Degree=Sup	13 week	nmod
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 week	det
13	week	week	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 warn	obl:unmarked
14	ahead	ahead	ADV	_	5 warn	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	warn speech: warn	can	seismometers				week	of every single quake; ahead property	vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP PP.topic»: agent=Agent of quake=Topic

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

No, nobody can yet predict the exact day, so strong buildings matter

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	6 predict	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	6 predict	nsubj
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 predict	aux
5	yet	yet	ADV	_	6 predict	advmod
6	predict	predict	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 day	det
8	exact	exact	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 day	amod
9	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 predict	obj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 matter	punct
11	so	so	ADV	_	14 matter	advmod
12	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 buildings	amod
13	buildings	building	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 matter	nsubj
14	matter	matter	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 predict	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	predict	can	nobody				yet; day		vn indicate-78 «NP V how S»: agent=Pivot
2	matter	present	strong buildings						vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus

Option 4

Yes, but only for quakes that happen under the sea

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	6 quakes	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	but	but	CCONJ	_	6 quakes	cc
4	only	only	ADV	_	6 quakes	advmod
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 quakes	case
6	quakes	quake	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
7	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 happen	nsubj
8	happen	happen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 quakes	acl:relcl
9	under	under	ADP	_	11 sea	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 sea	det
11	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 happen	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	present	quakes			the sea			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme under sea=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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