Test 3 · ★ · Clouds, rain, snow and hail

Why can hail fall even in hot summer?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · What happens: hail · To what, where: fall

This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 67 «Clouds, rain, snow and hail» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	3 hail	advmod
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 hail	aux
3	hail	hail	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	fall	fall	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hail	obj
5	even	even	ADV	_	8 summer	advmod
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 summer	case
7	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 summer	amod
8	summer	summer	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hail	obl
9	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 hail	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hail	can		fall			summer		vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fall=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Thunderstorm clouds reach so high that their tops are far below freezing

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Thunderstorm	thunderstorm	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 clouds	compound
2	clouds	cloud	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 reach	nsubj
3	reach	reach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	so	so	ADV	_	5 high	advmod
5	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 reach	xcomp
6	that	that	SCONJ	_	10 far	mark
7	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 tops	nmod:poss
8	tops	top	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 far	nsubj
9	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 far	cop
10	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	5 high	advcl
11	below	below	ADP	_	12 freezing	case
12	freezing	freezing	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 far	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reach	present	Thunderstorm clouds					high property	vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is	present	clouds's tops			freezing		far property	tree rules

Option 2

The Sun makes ice in the clouds

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Sun	det
2	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 makes	nsubj
3	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 makes	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 clouds	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 clouds	det
7	clouds	cloud	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 makes	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	the Sun	ice		the clouds			vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ice=Product

Option 3

Summer air near the ground is below freezing

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Summer	summer	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 air	compound
2	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 freezing	nsubj
3	near	near	ADP	_	5 ground	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 ground	det
5	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 air	nmod
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 freezing	cop
7	below	below	ADP	_	8 freezing	case
8	freezing	freezing	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Summer air near the ground			freezing			tree rules

Option 4

Hail is made on the ground and blown upward

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hail	hail	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 made	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 made	aux:pass
3	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	on	on	ADP	_	6 ground	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 ground	det
6	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 made	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 blown	cc
8	blown	blow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 made	conj
9	upward	upward	ADV	_	8 blown	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present · passive		Hail		the ground			vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
2	blow	participle						upward property	vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/67-clouds-rain-snow-hail/t3/