Test 13 · ★ · Birds: feathers, nests and flight

my sister reckons birds have nothing to do with dinosaurs. right?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: sister, birds · What happens: reckon, have, do · To what, where: nothing

This is test 13 · ★ of lesson 73 «Birds: feathers, nests and flight» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 sister	nmod:poss
2	sister	sister	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 reckons	nsubj
3	reckons	reckon	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 have	nsubj
5	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 reckons	ccomp
6	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	5 have	obj
7	to	to	PART	_	8 do	mark
8	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 nothing	acl
9	with	with	ADP	_	10 dinosaurs	case
10	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 do	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 reckons	punct
12	right	right	INTJ	_	3 reckons	discourse
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 reckons	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	reckon	present	my sister			vn consider-29.9-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	have	present	birds	nothing		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Patient
3	do	to-infinitive	birds not said here	nothing not said here	with dinosaurs	vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

No, birds are a kind of flying reptile

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	6 kind	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 kind	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 kind	cop
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 kind	det
6	kind	kind	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 reptile	case
8	flying	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 reptile	amod
9	reptile	reptile	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 kind	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	birds	a kind				of flying reptile	tree rules
2	fly	gerund							vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

Yes, birds came long before the dinosaurs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	3 birds	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 came	nsubj
4	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	4 came	advmod
6	before	before	ADP	_	8 dinosaurs	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 dinosaurs	det
8	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 came	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	birds				before the dinosaurs	long property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme before dinosaur=Location

Option 3

Yes, birds are related only to bats

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	5 related	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 related	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 related	cop
5	related	related	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	only	only	ADV	_	8 bats	advmod
7	to	to	ADP	_	8 bats	case
8	bats	bat	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 related	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	birds					to bats; related property	tree rules

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

No, birds are living descendants of dinosaurs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	6 descendants	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 descendants	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 descendants	cop
5	living	living	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 descendants	amod
6	descendants	descendant	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 dinosaurs	case
8	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 descendants	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	birds	living descendants				of dinosaurs	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/73-birds-feathers-nests-flight/t13/