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Test 4 · ★ · Pushes, pulls, friction and wheels

A cyclist squeezes the brakes. How do the brakes stop the bike?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: cyclist, brakes · What happens: squeeze, do, stop · To what, where: brakes, bike

This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 85 «Pushes, pulls, friction and wheels» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A cyclist squeezes the brakes.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 cyclist	det
2	cyclist	cyclist	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 squeezes	nsubj
3	squeezes	squeeze	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 brakes	det
5	brakes	brake	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 squeezes	obj
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 squeezes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	squeeze	present	a cyclist	the brakes					vn push-12-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent brake=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: How do the brakes stop the bike?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	How	how	ADV	PronType=Int	2 do	advmod
2	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 stop	advcl
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 brakes	det
4	brakes	brake	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 stop	nsubj
5	stop	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 bike	det
7	bike	bike	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 stop	obj
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 stop	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	present	the brakes not said here						vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	stop	present	the brakes	the bike					vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality bike=Eventuality

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

They make the bike heavier

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 make	nsubj
2	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 bike	det
4	bike	bike	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 make	obj
5	heavier	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 make	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	They	the bike				heavy property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset bike=Product

Option 2

They let all the air out of both of the tyres

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 let	nsubj
2	let	let	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	5 air	det:predet
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 air	det
5	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 let	obj
6	out	out	ADP	_	8 both	case
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 both	case
8	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	2 let	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 tyres	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 tyres	det
11	tyres	tyre	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 both	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	let	past	They	all air		both			vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Theme

Option 3

They push the wheel forwards faster

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 push	nsubj
2	push	push	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 wheel	det
4	wheel	wheel	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 push	obj
5	forwards	forwards	ADV	_	2 push	advmod
6	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	2 push	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	push	present	They	the wheel				fast, forwards property	vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wheel=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

They rub on the wheel and make friction

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 rub	nsubj
2	rub	rub	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	on	on	ADP	_	5 wheel	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 wheel	det
5	wheel	wheel	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 rub	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 make	cc
7	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 rub	conj
8	friction	friction	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 make	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rub	present	They			the wheel			vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme on wheel=Destination
2	make	infinitive	They not said here	friction					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset friction=Product

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/85-pushes-pulls-friction-wheels/t4/