Exam question 4 · The human life cycle and growing up

Select the response that is consistent with the established facts concerning the commencement of puberty.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, response, established facts · What happens: select, be, establish, concern · To what, where: response, commencement

This is exam question 4 of lesson 92 «The human life cycle and growing up» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 consistent	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 consistent	cop
6	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 response	acl:relcl
7	with	with	ADP	_	10 facts	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 facts	det
9	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 facts	amod
10	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 consistent	obl
11	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 facts	acl
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 commencement	det
13	commencement	commencement	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 concerning	obj
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 puberty	case
15	puberty	puberty	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 commencement	nmod
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	is	present	the response		with the established facts; consistent property	tree rules
3	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
4	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the commencement of puberty		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus commencement=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It starts at exactly the same age in all persons

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 starts	nsubj
2	starts	start	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	at	at	ADP	_	7 age	case
4	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	7 age	advmod
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 age	det
6	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 age	amod
7	age	age	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 starts	obl
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 persons	case
9	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	10 persons	det
10	persons	person	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 starts	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	start	present	It				at the same age	in all persons	vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

It starts at different ages, girls often earlier than boys

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 starts	nsubj
2	starts	start	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	at	at	ADP	_	5 ages	case
4	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 ages	amod
5	ages	age	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 starts	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 girls	punct
7	girls	girl	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 ages	conj
8	often	often	ADV	_	9 earlier	advmod
9	earlier	early	ADV	Degree=Cmp	2 starts	advmod
10	than	than	ADP	_	11 boys	case
11	boys	boy	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 earlier	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	start	present	It				at different ages and girls	early property	vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

Option 3

It starts invariably earlier in boys than in girls

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 starts	nsubj
2	starts	start	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	4 earlier	advmod
4	earlier	early	ADV	Degree=Cmp	2 starts	advmod
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 boys	case
6	boys	boy	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 starts	obl
7	than	than	ADP	_	9 girls	case
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 girls	case
9	girls	girl	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 starts	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	start	present	It					in boys; than girls; early property	vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

Option 4

It starts only after the age of twenty

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 starts	nsubj
2	starts	start	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	6 age	advmod
4	after	after	ADP	_	6 age	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 age	det
6	age	age	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 starts	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 twenty	case
8	twenty	twenty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 age	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	start	present	It				after the age of twenty		vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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