Exam question 4 · Lungs, air and keeping fit

Select the response that is consistent with the established facts concerning breathing high upon mountains.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, response, established facts · What happens: select, be, establish, concern, breathe · To what, where: response

This is exam question 4 of lesson 93 «Lungs, air and keeping fit» of the world course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 consistent	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 consistent	cop
6	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 response	acl:relcl
7	with	with	ADP	_	10 facts	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 facts	det
9	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 facts	amod
10	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 consistent	obl
11	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 facts	acl
12	breathing	breathe	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	11 concerning	xcomp
13	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 breathing	xcomp
14	upon	upon	ADP	_	15 mountains	case
15	mountains	mountain	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 breathing	obl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	is	present	the response		with the established facts; consistent property	tree rules
3	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
4	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here			tree rules
5	breathe	gerund	the established facts not said here		upon mountains; high property	vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Each breath brings in less oxygen, the air being thinner

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	2 breath	det
2	breath	breath	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 brings	nsubj
3	brings	bring	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 oxygen	case
5	less	less	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	6 oxygen	amod
6	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 brings	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 thinner	punct
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 air	det
9	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 thinner	nsubj
10	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	11 thinner	cop
11	thinner	thin	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 brings	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bring	present	each breath			less oxygen			vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent
2	is	gerund	the air					thin property	tree rules

Option 2

The air contains no oxygen above the clouds

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 air	det
2	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 contains	nsubj
3	contains	contain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 oxygen	det
5	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 contains	obj
6	above	above	ADP	_	8 clouds	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 clouds	det
8	clouds	cloud	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 oxygen	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	contain	present	the air	no oxygen		the clouds			vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot oxygen=Theme

Option 3

Breathing is identical at every height

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Breathing	breathing	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 identical	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 identical	cop
3	identical	identical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	at	at	ADP	_	6 height	case
5	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	6 height	det
6	height	height	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 identical	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Breathing			every height		identical property	tree rules

Option 4

Each breath brings in more oxygen, the air being cleaner

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	2 breath	det
2	breath	breath	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 brings	nsubj
3	brings	bring	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 oxygen	case
5	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	6 oxygen	amod
6	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 brings	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 cleaner	punct
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 air	det
9	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 cleaner	nsubj
10	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	11 cleaner	cop
11	cleaner	clean	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 brings	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bring	present	each breath			more oxygen			vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent
2	is	gerund	the air					clean property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/93-lungs-air-keeping-fit/e4/