Rivers, lakes and ponds, sentence 2

Winter does not kill a lake, because water is heaviest at 4 degrees: the coldest water and the ice float on top like a lid, and fish swim on in the liquid water below.

Who acts: Winter, water, coldest water, fish · What happens: not kill, be, float, swim on · To what, where: lake, 4 degrees, top, liquid water

This is a sentence of the lesson «Rivers, lakes and ponds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Winter, water, coldest water, fish), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Winter	Winter	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 kill	nsubj
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 kill	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 kill	advmod
4	kill	kill	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 lake	det
6	lake	lake	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 kill	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 heaviest	punct
8	because	because	SCONJ	_	11 heaviest	mark
9	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 heaviest	nsubj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 heaviest	cop
11	heaviest	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Sup	4 kill	advcl
12	at	at	ADP	_	14 degrees	case
13	4	4	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	14 degrees	nummod
14	degrees	degree	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 heaviest	obl
15	:	:	PUNCT	_	18 water	punct
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 water	det
17	coldest	cold	ADJ	Degree=Sup	18 water	amod
18	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 float	nsubj
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 ice	cc
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 ice	det
21	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 water	conj
22	float	float	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 kill	parataxis
23	on	on	ADP	_	24 top	case
24	top	top	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 float	obl
25	like	like	ADP	_	27 lid	case
26	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	27 lid	det
27	lid	lid	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 float	obl
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 swim	punct
29	and	and	CCONJ	_	31 swim	cc
30	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 swim	nsubj
31	swim	swim	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 float	conj
32	on	on	ADP	_	31 swim	compound:prt
33	in	in	ADP	_	36 water	case
34	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	36 water	det
35	liquid	liquid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	36 water	amod
36	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 swim	obl
37	below	below	ADV	_	36 water	advmod
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 kill	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	not kill	present · do-support	Winter	a lake			vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lake=Theme
2	is	present	water		4 degrees	heavy property	tree rules
3	float	present	the coldest water and the ice		top	like a lid	vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on top=Trajectory
4	swim on	present	fish		the liquid water		vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in water=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:010-rivers-lakes-and-ponds.lesson:2.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds/2/