Rivers, lakes and ponds, sentence 3

Cartoon piranhas turn a cow into a skeleton in seconds; real red-bellied piranhas mostly eat insects, fish, worms and plants, feed in groups mainly for safety, and attacks on people are rare and usually just a bite.

Who acts: Cartoon piranhas, real bellied piranhas, attacks · What happens: turn, belly, eat, feed, be · To what, where: cow, skeleton, insects, groups

This is a sentence of the lesson «Rivers, lakes and ponds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cartoon piranhas, real bellied piranhas, attacks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 piranhas	compound
2	piranhas	piranha	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 turn	nsubj
3	turn	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 cow	det
5	cow	cow	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 turn	obj
6	into	into	ADP	_	8 skeleton	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 skeleton	det
8	skeleton	skeleton	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 turn	obl
9	in	in	ADP	_	10 seconds	case
10	seconds	second	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 turn	obl
11	;	;	PUNCT	_	18 eat	punct
12	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 piranhas	amod
13	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 bellied	compound
14	-	-	PUNCT	_	13 red	punct
15	bellied	belly	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	16 piranhas	amod
16	piranhas	piranha	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 eat	nsubj
17	mostly	mostly	ADV	_	18 eat	advmod
18	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 turn	parataxis
19	insects	insect	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 eat	obj
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 fish	punct
21	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 insects	conj
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 worms	punct
23	worms	worm	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 insects	conj
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 plants	cc
25	plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 insects	conj
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 feed	punct
27	feed	feed	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 eat	conj
28	in	in	ADP	_	29 groups	case
29	groups	group	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 feed	obl
30	mainly	mainly	ADV	_	18 eat	advmod
31	for	for	ADP	_	32 safety	case
32	safety	safety	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 feed	obl
33	,	,	PUNCT	_	39 rare	punct
34	and	and	CCONJ	_	35 attacks	cc
35	attacks	attack	NOUN	Number=Plur	39 rare	nsubj
36	on	on	ADP	_	37 people	case
37	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 attacks	nmod
38	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	39 rare	cop
39	rare	rare	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 turn	conj
40	and	and	CCONJ	_	44 bite	cc
41	usually	usually	ADV	_	44 bite	advmod
42	just	just	ADV	_	44 bite	advmod
43	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	44 bite	det
44	bite	bite	NOUN	Number=Sing	39 rare	conj
45	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 turn	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn	present	Cartoon piranhas	a cow	a skeleton	second		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent cow=Theme into skeleton=Trajectory
2	belly	participle						tree rules
3	eat	present	real bellied piranhas	insects and fish and worms and plants			mainly, mostly property	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent insect=Patient
4	feed	present	real bellied piranhas not said here		groups		for safety	vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in group=Location
5	is	present	attacks on people				rare property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:010-rivers-lakes-and-ponds.lesson:3.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds/3/