Rivers, lakes and ponds, sentence 4

Cartoons often show river otters floating on their backs and smashing shells on a stone on their tummy; that trick belongs to sea otters, which also hold paws while they sleep so they do not drift apart.

Who acts: Cartoons, river otters, trick, sea otters · What happens: show, float, smash, belong, hold, sleep · To what, where: river otters, backs, shells, stone, paws

This is a sentence of the lesson «Rivers, lakes and ponds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cartoons, river otters, trick, sea otters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cartoons	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 show	nsubj
2	often	often	ADV	_	3 show	advmod
3	show	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 otters	compound
5	otters	otter	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 show	obj
6	floating	float	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 otters	acl
7	on	on	ADP	_	9 backs	case
8	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 backs	nmod:poss
9	backs	back	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 floating	obl
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 smashing	cc
11	smashing	smash	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 floating	conj
12	shells	shell	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 smashing	obj
13	on	on	ADP	_	15 stone	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 stone	det
15	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 smashing	obl
16	on	on	ADP	_	18 tummy	case
17	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	18 tummy	nmod:poss
18	tummy	tummy	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 stone	nmod
19	;	;	PUNCT	_	22 belongs	punct
20	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	21 trick	det
21	trick	trick	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 belongs	nsubj
22	belongs	belong	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 show	parataxis
23	to	to	ADP	_	25 otters	case
24	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 otters	compound
25	otters	otter	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 belongs	obl
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 hold	punct
27	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	29 hold	nsubj
28	also	also	ADV	_	29 hold	advmod
29	hold	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 otters	acl:relcl
30	paws	paw	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 hold	obj
31	while	while	SCONJ	_	33 sleep	mark
32	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	33 sleep	nsubj
33	sleep	sleep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	29 hold	advcl
34	so	so	SCONJ	_	38 drift	mark
35	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	38 drift	nsubj
36	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	38 drift	aux
37	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	38 drift	advmod
38	drift	drift	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	29 hold	advcl
39	apart	apart	ADV	_	38 drift	advmod
40	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 show	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed act=assert

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	show	present	Cartoons		river otters		often property	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent otter=Recipient
2	float	gerund	river otters not said here			Cartoons's backs		vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on back=Trajectory
3	smash	gerund	river otters not said here	shells		a stone on Cartoons's tummy		vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent shell=Theme on stone=Destination
4	belong	present	that trick				to sea otters	vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme
5	hold	present	sea otters	paws				vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent paw=Theme
6	sleep	present	Cartoons = cartoon					vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
7	not drift apart	present · do-support	Cartoons = cartoon				apart property	vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:010-rivers-lakes-and-ponds.lesson:4.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds/4/