Koalas, wombats, Tasmanian devils and the platypus, sentence 14
A sugar glider has a skin flap between its front and back legs and glides from tree to tree; it looks like a flying squirrel but is a marsupial that evolved the same trick separately.
Who acts: sugar glider, glider, marsupial · What happens: have, glide, look, fly, be, evolve · To what, where: skin flap, tree, marsupial, same trick
This is a sentence of the lesson «Koalas, wombats, Tasmanian devils and the platypus» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sugar glider, glider, marsupial), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 glider | det |
| 2 | sugar | sugar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 glider | compound |
| 3 | glider | glider | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 has | nsubj |
| 4 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 flap | det |
| 6 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 flap | compound |
| 7 | flap | flap | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 has | obj |
| 8 | between | between | ADP | _ | 13 legs | case |
| 9 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 legs | nmod:poss |
| 10 | front | front | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 legs | amod |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 back | cc |
| 12 | back | back | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 front | conj |
| 13 | legs | leg | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 flap | nmod |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 glides | cc |
| 15 | glides | glide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 has | conj |
| 16 | from | from | ADP | _ | 17 tree | case |
| 17 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 glides | obl |
| 18 | to | to | ADP | _ | 19 tree | case |
| 19 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 tree | nmod |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 looks | punct |
| 21 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 looks | nsubj |
| 22 | looks | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 has | parataxis |
| 23 | like | like | ADP | _ | 26 squirrel | case |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 squirrel | det |
| 25 | flying | fly | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 26 squirrel | amod |
| 26 | squirrel | squirrel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 looks | obl |
| 27 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 30 marsupial | cc |
| 28 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 marsupial | cop |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 marsupial | det |
| 30 | marsupial | marsupial | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 looks | conj |
| 31 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 32 evolved | nsubj |
| 32 | evolved | evolve | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 marsupial | acl:relcl |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 trick | det |
| 34 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 trick | amod |
| 35 | trick | trick | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 evolved | obj |
| 36 | separately | separately | ADV | _ | 32 evolved | advmod |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 has | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | a sugar glider | a skin flap | between glider's front legs | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flap=Patient | |||
| 2 | glide | present | a sugar glider not said here | tree to tree | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from tree=Trajectory | ||||
| 3 | look | present | glider | like a flying squirrel | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | fly | gerund | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 5 | is a | present | glider not said here | a marsupial | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | evolve | past | a marsupial | the same trick | separately property | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location trick=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:104-koalas-wombats-tasmanian-devils-and-the-platypus.lesson:14.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/104-koalas-wombats-tasmanian-devils-and-the-platypus/14/