The polar zone: polar bears, sentence 1
The bear looks snow white, but each hair is clear and hollow and only looks white because it scatters light, like snow does, and underneath the fur the skin is black and the fat is thick.
Who acts: bear, hair, skin, fat · What happens: look, be, scatter · To what, where: light
This is a sentence of the lesson «The polar zone: polar bears» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bear, hair, skin, fat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 bear | det |
| 2 | bear | bear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 looks | nsubj |
| 3 | looks | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | snow | snow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 white | obl |
| 5 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 looks | xcomp |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 clear | punct |
| 7 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 11 clear | cc |
| 8 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 9 hair | det |
| 9 | hair | hair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 clear | nsubj |
| 10 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 clear | cop |
| 11 | clear | clear | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 looks | conj |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 hollow | cc |
| 13 | hollow | hollow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 clear | conj |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 looks | cc |
| 15 | only | only | ADV | _ | 16 looks | advmod |
| 16 | looks | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 looks | conj |
| 17 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 looks | xcomp |
| 18 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 20 scatters | mark |
| 19 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 scatters | nsubj |
| 20 | scatters | scatter | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 looks | advcl |
| 21 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 scatters | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 does | punct |
| 23 | like | like | SCONJ | _ | 25 does | mark |
| 24 | snow | snow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 does | nsubj |
| 25 | does | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 scatters | advcl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 black | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 black | cc |
| 28 | underneath | underneath | ADP | _ | 30 fur | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 fur | det |
| 30 | fur | fur | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 black | obl |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 skin | det |
| 32 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 black | nsubj |
| 33 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 black | cop |
| 34 | black | black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 looks | parataxis |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 thick | cc |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 fat | det |
| 37 | fat | fat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 thick | nsubj |
| 38 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 39 thick | cop |
| 39 | thick | thick | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 black | conj |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 looks | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look | present | the bear | white property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | is | present | each hair | clear property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | be | each hair not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 4 | look | present | the bear not said here | white property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | scatter | present | bear | light | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent light=Theme | ||||
| 6 | is | present | the skin | underneath the fur; black property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | is | present | the fat | thick property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/105-the-polar-zone-polar-bears/1/