Why zoos exist and what critics say, sentence 7

In the past many zoos kept animals in small, bare concrete cages, but science has shown that animals need space, choice and things to do.

Who acts: many zoos, science, animals · What happens: keep, show, need, do · To what, where: animals, past, space · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Why zoos exist and what critics say» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (many zoos, science, animals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 past	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 past	det
3	past	past	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 kept	obl
4	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 zoos	amod
5	zoos	zoo	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 kept	nsubj
6	kept	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 kept	obj
8	in	in	ADP	_	13 cages	case
9	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 cages	amod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 small	punct
11	bare	bare	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 cages	amod
12	concrete	concrete	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 cages	compound
13	cages	cage	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 kept	obl
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 shown	punct
15	but	but	CCONJ	_	18 shown	cc
16	science	science	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 shown	nsubj
17	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 shown	aux
18	shown	show	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	6 kept	conj
19	that	that	SCONJ	_	21 need	mark
20	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 need	nsubj
21	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 shown	ccomp
22	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 need	obj
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 choice	punct
24	choice	choice	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 space	conj
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 things	cc
26	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 space	conj
27	to	to	PART	_	28 do	mark
28	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	22 space	acl
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 kept	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	keep	past	many zoos	animals	the past	in small bare concrete cages	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent animal=Theme in past=Location
2	show	present · perfect	science				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	need	present	animals	space and choice and things			vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot space=Theme
4	do	to-infinitive	animals not said here	space and choice and things not said here			vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:115-why-zoos-exist-and-what-critics-say.lesson:7.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/115-why-zoos-exist-and-what-critics-say/7/