The penguins of Madagascar: real penguins and chimps, sentence 7

Penguins «fly» under water with stiff, short flippers, and gentoo penguins can swim at about 35 km per hour, faster than any other bird under water.

Who acts: Penguins, gentoo penguins · What happens: fly, swim · To what, where: water, 35 km

This is a sentence of the lesson «The penguins of Madagascar: real penguins and chimps» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Penguins, gentoo penguins), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Penguins	penguin	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 fly	nsubj
2	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 fly	punct
3	fly	fly	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	»	»	PUNCT	_	3 fly	punct
5	under	under	ADP	_	6 water	case
6	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 fly	obl
7	with	with	ADP	_	11 flippers	case
8	stiff	stiff	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 flippers	amod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 flippers	punct
10	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 flippers	amod
11	flippers	flipper	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 fly	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 swim	punct
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 swim	cc
14	gentoo	gentoo	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 penguins	compound
15	penguins	penguin	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 swim	nsubj
16	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	17 swim	aux
17	swim	swim	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 fly	conj
18	at	at	ADP	_	21 km	case
19	about	about	ADV	_	20 35	advmod
20	35	35	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	21 km	nummod
21	km	km	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 swim	obl
22	per	per	ADP	_	23 hour	case
23	hour	hour	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 km	nmod
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 faster	punct
25	faster	fast	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	17 swim	parataxis
26	than	than	ADP	_	29 bird	case
27	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	29 bird	det
28	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 bird	amod
29	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 faster	obl
30	under	under	ADP	_	31 water	case
31	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 bird	nmod
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 fly	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fly in a quote	infinitive	Penguins			water		with stiff short flippers	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent under water=Location
2	swim	can	gentoo penguins			35 km per hour			vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at km=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:129-madagascar-real-penguins-and-chimps.lesson:7.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/129-madagascar-real-penguins-and-chimps/7/