The great apes: chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas, orangutans, sentence 1
A silverback gorilla beating his chest looks terrifying, but he is mostly a gentle vegetarian munching about 18 kilograms of leaves a day, and the chest beat is a show that helps avoid real fights.
Who acts: silverback gorilla, he, vegetarian show · What happens: beat, look, munch, be, help, avoid · To what, where: chest, 18 kilograms, vegetarian show, real fights
This is a sentence of the lesson «The great apes: chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas, orangutans» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (silverback gorilla, he, vegetarian show), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 gorilla | det |
| 2 | silverback | silverback | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 gorilla | compound |
| 3 | gorilla | gorilla | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 looks | nsubj |
| 4 | beating | beat | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 gorilla | acl |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 chest | nmod:poss |
| 6 | chest | chest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 beating | obj |
| 7 | looks | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | terrifying | terrifying | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 looks | xcomp |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 looks | punct |
| 10 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 32 show | cc |
| 11 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 show | nsubj |
| 12 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 show | cop |
| 13 | mostly | mostly | ADV | _ | 32 show | advmod |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 vegetarian | det |
| 15 | gentle | gentle | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 vegetarian | amod |
| 16 | vegetarian | vegetarian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 show | amod |
| 17 | munching | munch | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 vegetarian | acl |
| 18 | about | about | ADV | _ | 19 18 | advmod |
| 19 | 18 | 18 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 20 kilograms | nummod |
| 20 | kilograms | kilogram | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 munching | obj |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 leaves | case |
| 22 | leaves | leaf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 kilograms | nmod |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 day | det |
| 24 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 leaves | nmod:unmarked |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 show | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 show | cc |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 beat | det |
| 28 | chest | chest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 beat | compound |
| 29 | beat | beat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 show | nsubj |
| 30 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 show | cop |
| 31 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 show | det |
| 32 | show | show | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 looks | advcl |
| 33 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 34 helps | nsubj |
| 34 | helps | help | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 show | acl:relcl |
| 35 | avoid | avoid | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 34 helps | xcomp |
| 36 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 fights | amod |
| 37 | fights | fight | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 avoid | obj |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 looks | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | beat | gerund | a silverback gorilla not said here | his chest | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location chest=Theme | ||||
| 2 | look | present | a silverback gorilla | terrifying property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | munch | gerund | 18 kilograms of leaves a day | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kilogram=Patient | |||||
| 4 | is a | present | he | a vegetarian show | mostly property | tree rules | |||
| 5 | help | present | a vegetarian show | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 6 | avoid | infinitive | a vegetarian show not said here | real fights | vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent fight=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:016-the-great-apes.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/16-the-great-apes/1/