Madagascar: chameleons, leaf-tailed geckos, tenrecs, baobabs and a moth Darwin predicted, sentence 5

Chameleons change colour mostly to show their feelings and signal to other chameleons, and to warm up or cool down; they cannot copy any pattern they sit on.

Who acts: Chameleons, eyes · What happens: change, show, signal, warm up, cool down, not copy · To what, where: colour, feelings, pattern

This is a sentence of the lesson «Madagascar: chameleons, leaf-tailed geckos, tenrecs, baobabs and a moth Darwin predicted» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Chameleons, eyes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Chameleons	chameleon	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 change	nsubj
2	change	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 change	obj
4	mostly	mostly	ADV	_	2 change	advmod
5	to	to	PART	_	6 show	mark
6	show	show	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 change	advcl
7	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 feelings	nmod:poss
8	feelings	feeling	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 show	obj
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 signal	cc
10	signal	signal	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 show	conj
11	to	to	PART	_	10 signal	mark
12	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 chameleons	amod
13	chameleons	chameleon	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 signal	conj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 warm	punct
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 warm	cc
16	to	to	PART	_	17 warm	mark
17	warm	warm	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 show	conj
18	up	up	ADP	_	17 warm	compound:prt
19	or	or	CCONJ	_	20 cool	cc
20	cool	cool	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	17 warm	conj
21	down	down	ADP	_	20 cool	compound:prt
22	;	;	PUNCT	_	26 copy	punct
23	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 copy	nsubj
24	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	26 copy	aux
25	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	26 copy	advmod
26	copy	copy	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 change	parataxis
27	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	28 pattern	det
28	pattern	pattern	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 copy	obj
29	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	30 sit	nsubj
30	sit	sit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	28 pattern	acl:relcl
31	on	on	ADV	_	30 sit	advmod
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 change	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	change	present	Chameleons	colour	mostly property	vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Patient
2	show	to-infinitive	Chameleons not said here	eyes's feelings		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent feeling=Recipient
3	signal speech: other	to-infinitive	Chameleons not said here			vn instr_communication-37.4.1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
4	warm up	to-infinitive	Chameleons not said here			vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
5	cool down	infinitive	Chameleons not said here			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
6	not copy	can	eyes = eye	any pattern		vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pattern=Theme
7	sit on	present	eyes = eye	any pattern not said here		vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location pattern=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:164-madagascar-chameleons-geckos-tenrecs-baobabs-and-darwins-moth.lesson:5.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/164-madagascar-chameleons-geckos-tenrecs-baobabs-and-darwins-moth/5/