The Arctic tundra: musk oxen, arctic foxes, snowy owls and the truth about lemmings, sentence 14
In summer the tundra has huge swarms of mosquitoes, so thick that caribou run to windy hills or snow patches to escape them.
Who acts: tundra, caribou · What happens: have, run, escape · To what, where: huge swarms, swarms
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Arctic tundra: musk oxen, arctic foxes, snowy owls and the truth about lemmings» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tundra, caribou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 summer | case |
| 2 | summer | summer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 has | obl |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 tundra | det |
| 4 | tundra | tundra | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 has | nsubj |
| 5 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | huge | huge | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 swarms | amod |
| 7 | swarms | swarm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 has | obj |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 mosquitoes | case |
| 9 | mosquitoes | mosquito | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 swarms | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 thick | punct |
| 11 | so | so | ADV | _ | 12 thick | advmod |
| 12 | thick | thick | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 swarms | conj |
| 13 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 15 run | mark |
| 14 | caribou | caribou | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 run | nsubj |
| 15 | run | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 thick | advcl |
| 16 | to | to | ADP | _ | 18 hills | case |
| 17 | windy | windy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 hills | amod |
| 18 | hills | hill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 run | obl |
| 19 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 21 patches | cc |
| 20 | snow | snow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 patches | compound |
| 21 | patches | patch | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 hills | conj |
| 22 | to | to | PART | _ | 23 escape | mark |
| 23 | escape | escape | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 run | advcl |
| 24 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 escape | obj |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 has | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | the tundra | huge swarms of mosquitoes | summer | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent swarm=Patient | |||
| 2 | run | present | caribou | to windy hills or snow patches result | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to hill=Result | ||||
| 3 | escape | to-infinitive | caribou not said here | swarms = swarm | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme they=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:168-the-arctic-tundra-musk-oxen-arctic-foxes-and-the-truth-about-lemmings.lesson:14.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/168-the-arctic-tundra-musk-oxen-arctic-foxes-and-the-truth-about-lemmings/14/