The lion: why people call it «king of the beasts»; prides and roars, sentence 15

Lion cubs are born with spotty coats that help hide them in the grass, and lionesses in a pride often raise cubs together, letting cubs drink from other mothers.

Who acts: spotty coats, lionesses, cubs · What happens: bear, help, hide, raise, let, drink · To what, where: Lion cubs, cubs, grass

This is a sentence of the lesson «The lion: why people call it «king of the beasts»; prides and roars» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (spotty coats, lionesses, cubs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lion	lion	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 cubs	compound
2	cubs	cub	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 born	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 born	aux:pass
4	born	bear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	with	with	ADP	_	7 coats	case
6	spotty	spotty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 coats	amod
7	coats	coat	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 born	obl
8	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 help	nsubj
9	help	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 coats	acl:relcl
10	hide	hide	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 help	xcomp
11	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 hide	obj
12	in	in	ADP	_	14 grass	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 grass	det
14	grass	grass	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 hide	obl
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 raise	punct
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 raise	cc
17	lionesses	lioness	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 raise	nsubj
18	in	in	ADP	_	20 pride	case
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 pride	det
20	pride	pride	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 lionesses	nmod
21	often	often	ADV	_	22 raise	advmod
22	raise	raise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 born	conj
23	cubs	cub	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 raise	obj
24	together	together	ADV	_	22 raise	advmod
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 letting	punct
26	letting	let	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	22 raise	advcl
27	cubs	cub	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 drink	nsubj
28	drink	drink	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	26 letting	xcomp
29	from	from	ADP	_	31 mothers	case
30	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	31 mothers	amod
31	mothers	mother	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 drink	obl
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 born	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	bear	present · passive		Lion cubs		with spotty coats	vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	help	present	spotty coats				vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
3	hide	infinitive	spotty coats not said here	cubs = cub	the grass		vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent they=Patient in grass=Location
4	raise	present	lionesses in a pride	cubs		often, together property	vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cub=Theme
5	let	gerund	lionesses in a pride not said here				tree rules
6	drink	infinitive	cubs			from other mothers	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent from mother=Source

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:018-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts.lesson:15.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/18-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts/15/