The lion: why people call it «king of the beasts»; prides and roars, sentence 5
Only male lions grow manes; a mane makes a lion look bigger and protects his neck in fights, and a dark full mane shows he is healthy, though in very hot places some males have thin manes or none.
Who acts: male lions, mane, lion, dark full mane, males · What happens: grow, make, look, protect, show, be · To what, where: manes, lion, neck, fights, thin manes, hot places · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «The lion: why people call it «king of the beasts»; prides and roars» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (male lions, mane, lion, dark full mane), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Only | only | ADV | _ | 3 lions | advmod |
| 2 | male | male | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 lions | amod |
| 3 | lions | lion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 grow | nsubj |
| 4 | grow | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | manes | mane | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 grow | obj |
| 6 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 4 grow | punct |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 mane | det |
| 8 | mane | mane | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 makes | nsubj |
| 9 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 grow | parataxis |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 lion | det |
| 11 | lion | lion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 makes | obj |
| 12 | look | look | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 makes | xcomp |
| 13 | bigger | big | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 12 look | xcomp |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 protects | cc |
| 15 | protects | protect | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 makes | conj |
| 16 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 neck | nmod:poss |
| 17 | neck | neck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 protects | obj |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 fights | case |
| 19 | fights | fight | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 protects | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 shows | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 shows | cc |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 mane | det |
| 23 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 mane | amod |
| 24 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 mane | amod |
| 25 | mane | mane | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 shows | nsubj |
| 26 | shows | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 makes | conj |
| 27 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 healthy | nsubj |
| 28 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 healthy | cop |
| 29 | healthy | healthy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 shows | ccomp |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 though | punct |
| 31 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 38 have | mark |
| 32 | in | in | ADP | _ | 35 places | case |
| 33 | very | very | ADV | _ | 34 hot | advmod |
| 34 | hot | hot | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 places | amod |
| 35 | places | place | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 have | obl |
| 36 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 37 males | det |
| 37 | males | male | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 have | nsubj |
| 38 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 shows | advcl |
| 39 | thin | thin | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 manes | amod |
| 40 | manes | mane | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 have | obj |
| 41 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 42 none | cc |
| 42 | none | none | PRON | PronType=Neg | 40 manes | conj |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 grow | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grow | present | male lions | manes | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location mane=Theme | ||||
| 2 | make | present | a mane | a lion | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | look | infinitive | a lion not said here | big property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | protect | present | a mane not said here | lion's neck | fights | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent neck=Beneficiary | |||
| 5 | show | present | a dark full mane | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | is | present | lion | healthy property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | have | present | some males | thin manes | hot places | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mane=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:018-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts.lesson:5.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/18-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts/5/