The Galápagos: giant tortoises, sea iguanas, Darwin's finches and tame sea lions, sentence 1
So you find a lizard that swims in the sea and eats seaweed, a cormorant that cannot fly, penguins on the equator and tortoises whose shells are shaped to stretch up for cactus.
Who acts: you, lizard, cormorant · What happens: find, swim, eat, not fly, shape, stretch up · To what, where: lizard, sea, seaweed, shells
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Galápagos: giant tortoises, sea iguanas, Darwin's finches and tame sea lions» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, lizard, cormorant), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 3 find | advmod |
| 2 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 3 find | nsubj |
| 3 | find | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 lizard | det |
| 5 | lizard | lizard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 find | obj |
| 6 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 7 swims | nsubj |
| 7 | swims | swim | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 lizard | acl:relcl |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 sea | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 sea | det |
| 10 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 swims | obl |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 eats | cc |
| 12 | eats | eat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 swims | conj |
| 13 | seaweed | seaweed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 eats | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 cormorant | punct |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 cormorant | det |
| 16 | cormorant | cormorant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 lizard | appos |
| 17 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 20 fly | nsubj |
| 18 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 20 fly | aux |
| 19 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 20 fly | advmod |
| 20 | fly | fly | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 cormorant | acl:relcl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 penguins | punct |
| 22 | penguins | penguin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 lizard | conj |
| 23 | on | on | ADP | _ | 25 equator | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 equator | det |
| 25 | equator | equator | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 penguins | nmod |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 tortoises | cc |
| 27 | tortoises | tortoise | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 penguins | conj |
| 28 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 29 shells | nmod:poss |
| 29 | shells | shell | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 shaped | nsubj |
| 30 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 shaped | aux:pass |
| 31 | shaped | shape | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 27 tortoises | acl:relcl |
| 32 | to | to | PART | _ | 33 stretch | mark |
| 33 | stretch | stretch | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 31 shaped | advcl |
| 34 | up | up | ADP | _ | 33 stretch | compound:prt |
| 35 | for | for | ADP | _ | 36 cactus | case |
| 36 | cactus | cactus | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 stretch | obl |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 find | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | find | present | you | a lizard and penguins on the equator and tortoises | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lizard=Topic | ||||
| 2 | swim | present | a lizard and penguins on the equator and tortoises | the sea | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in sea=Trajectory | ||||
| 3 | eat | present | a lizard and penguins on the equator and tortoises not said here | seaweed | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent seaweed=Patient | ||||
| 4 | not fly | can | a cormorant | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | shape | present · passive | shells | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | |||||
| 6 | stretch up | to-infinitive | for cactus | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:180-the-galapagos-giant-tortoises-sea-iguanas-darwins-finches-and-tame-sea-lions.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/180-the-galapagos-giant-tortoises-sea-iguanas-darwins-finches-and-tame-sea-lions/1/