Hedgehogs: spines, hibernation and how to help them, sentence 1

When it is scared, a ring of muscle pulls its skin tight like the string on a drawstring bag, and the hedgehog becomes a prickly ball that most animals give up on.

Who acts: hedgehog, ring, most animals · What happens: be, pull, become, give up · To what, where: skin, prickly ball

This is a sentence of the lesson «Hedgehogs: spines, hibernation and how to help them» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hedgehog, ring, most animals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	When	when	SCONJ	_	4 scared	mark
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 scared	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 scared	cop
4	scared	scared	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 pulls	advcl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 pulls	punct
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 ring	det
7	ring	ring	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 pulls	nsubj
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 muscle	case
9	muscle	muscle	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 ring	nmod
10	pulls	pull	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 skin	nmod:poss
12	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 pulls	obj
13	tight	tight	ADV	_	10 pulls	advmod
14	like	like	ADP	_	16 string	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 string	det
16	string	string	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 pulls	obl
17	on	on	ADP	_	20 bag	case
18	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 bag	det
19	drawstring	drawstring	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 bag	compound
20	bag	bag	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 string	nmod
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 pulls	punct
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 becomes	cc
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 hedgehog	det
24	hedgehog	hedgehog	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 becomes	nsubj
25	becomes	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 pulls	conj
26	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	28 ball	det
27	prickly	prickly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	28 ball	amod
28	ball	ball	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 becomes	xcomp
29	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	32 give	obj
30	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	31 animals	amod
31	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 give	nsubj
32	give	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	28 ball	acl:relcl
33	up	up	ADP	_	32 give	compound:prt
34	on	on	ADP	_	29 that	case
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 pulls	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	hedgehog		scared property	tree rules
2	pull	present	a ring of muscle	hedgehog's skin	like the string on a drawstring bag; tight property	vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skin=Theme
3	become	present	the hedgehog	a prickly ball		vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
4	give up	present	most animals	a prickly ball		vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Source

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them.lesson:1.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them/1/