Hedgehogs: spines, hibernation and how to help them, sentence 2
At night it snuffles and grunts through gardens hunting beetles, worms, caterpillars and slugs, walking a couple of kilometres, and in winter, when food runs out, it hibernates in a nest of leaves.
Who acts: hedgehog, gardens, food · What happens: snuffle, grunt, hunt, walk, run out, hibernate · To what, where: gardens, beetles, couple, nest
This is a sentence of the lesson «Hedgehogs: spines, hibernation and how to help them» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hedgehog, gardens, food), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 2 night | case |
| 2 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 snuffles | obl |
| 3 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 snuffles | nsubj |
| 4 | snuffles | snuffle | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 hibernates | conj |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 grunts | cc |
| 6 | grunts | grunt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 snuffles | conj |
| 7 | through | through | ADP | _ | 8 gardens | case |
| 8 | gardens | garden | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 grunts | obl |
| 9 | hunting | hunt | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 8 gardens | acl |
| 10 | beetles | beetle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 hunting | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 worms | punct |
| 12 | worms | worm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 beetles | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 caterpillars | punct |
| 14 | caterpillars | caterpillar | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 beetles | conj |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 slugs | cc |
| 16 | slugs | slug | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 beetles | conj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 walking | punct |
| 18 | walking | walk | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 snuffles | advcl |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 couple | det |
| 20 | couple | couple | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 walking | obj |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 kilometres | case |
| 22 | kilometres | kilometre | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 couple | nmod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 runs | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 runs | cc |
| 25 | in | in | ADP | _ | 26 winter | case |
| 26 | winter | winter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 hibernates | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 winter | punct |
| 28 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 30 runs | mark |
| 29 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 runs | nsubj |
| 30 | runs | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 hibernates | advcl |
| 31 | out | out | ADP | _ | 30 runs | compound:prt |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 night | punct |
| 33 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 hibernates | nsubj |
| 34 | hibernates | hibernate | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 35 | in | in | ADP | _ | 37 nest | case |
| 36 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 nest | det |
| 37 | nest | nest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 hibernates | obl |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 leaves | case |
| 39 | leaves | leaf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 nest | nmod |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 34 hibernates | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | snuffle | present | hedgehog | night | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | grunt | present | hedgehog not said here | gardens | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | hunt | gerund | gardens not said here | beetles and worms and caterpillars and slugs | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent beetle=Theme | ||||
| 4 | walk | gerund | hedgehog not said here | a couple of kilometres | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme couple=Trajectory | ||||
| 5 | run out | present | food | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | hibernate | present | hedgehog | a nest of leaves | winter | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in nest=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them/2/