Hedgehogs: spines, hibernation and how to help them, sentence 4

A hedgehog has about five thousand brown and cream spines, which are hollow hairs; it cannot shoot or throw them, and a muscle pulls its skin tight to roll it into a ball.

Who acts: hedgehog, thousand brown spines, muscle · What happens: have, be, not shoot, throw, pull, roll · To what, where: thousand brown spines, hollow hairs, spines, skin, hedgehog, ball

This is a sentence of the lesson «Hedgehogs: spines, hibernation and how to help them» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hedgehog, thousand brown spines, muscle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 hedgehog	det
2	hedgehog	hedgehog	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	nsubj
3	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	about	about	ADV	_	6 thousand	advmod
5	five	five	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 thousand	compound
6	thousand	thousand	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 spines	nummod
7	brown	brown	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 spines	amod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 cream	cc
9	cream	cream	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 brown	conj
10	spines	spine	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 has	obj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 hairs	punct
12	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	15 hairs	nsubj
13	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 hairs	cop
14	hollow	hollow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 hairs	amod
15	hairs	hair	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 spines	acl:relcl
16	;	;	PUNCT	_	20 shoot	punct
17	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 shoot	nsubj
18	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	20 shoot	aux
19	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	20 shoot	advmod
20	shoot	shoot	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 has	parataxis
21	or	or	CCONJ	_	22 throw	cc
22	throw	throw	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	20 shoot	conj
23	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 throw	obj
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 pulls	punct
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 pulls	cc
26	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	27 muscle	det
27	muscle	muscle	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 pulls	nsubj
28	pulls	pull	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 shoot	conj
29	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	30 skin	nmod:poss
30	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 pulls	obj
31	tight	tight	ADJ	Degree=Pos	28 pulls	xcomp
32	to	to	PART	_	33 roll	mark
33	roll	roll	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	28 pulls	advcl
34	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	33 roll	obj
35	into	into	ADP	_	37 ball	case
36	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	37 ball	det
37	ball	ball	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 roll	obl
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 has	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	have	present	a hedgehog	thousand brown spines			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spine=Patient
2	is a	present	thousand brown spines	hollow hairs			tree rules
3	not shoot	can	hedgehog				vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	throw	infinitive	hedgehog not said here	spines = spine			vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme
5	pull	present	a muscle	hedgehog's skin		tight property	vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skin=Theme
6	roll	to-infinitive	a muscle not said here	hedgehog	a ball		vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent it=Theme into ball=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them.lesson:4.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them/4/