Elephants: families, tusks, ears and memory, sentence 0
An elephant herd is a family of grandmothers, mothers, aunts, sisters and babies, and it walks in a line behind the oldest female, the matriarch, because she has lived longest and remembers the most.
Who acts: elephant herd, herd, she · What happens: be, walk, live, remember · To what, where: family, line, most
This is a sentence of the lesson «Elephants: families, tusks, ears and memory» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (elephant herd, herd, she), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | An | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 herd | det |
| 2 | elephant | elephant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 herd | compound |
| 3 | herd | herd | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 family | nsubj |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 family | cop |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 family | det |
| 6 | family | family | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 grandmothers | case |
| 8 | grandmothers | grandmother | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 family | nmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 mothers | punct |
| 10 | mothers | mother | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 grandmothers | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 aunts | punct |
| 12 | aunts | aunt | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 grandmothers | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 sisters | punct |
| 14 | sisters | sister | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 grandmothers | conj |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 babies | cc |
| 16 | babies | baby | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 grandmothers | conj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 walks | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 walks | cc |
| 19 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 walks | nsubj |
| 20 | walks | walk | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 family | conj |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 line | case |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 line | det |
| 23 | line | line | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 walks | obl |
| 24 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 27 female | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 female | det |
| 26 | oldest | old | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 27 female | amod |
| 27 | female | female | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 walks | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 matriarch | punct |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 matriarch | det |
| 30 | matriarch | matriarch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 female | appos |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 lived | punct |
| 32 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 35 lived | mark |
| 33 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 lived | nsubj |
| 34 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 lived | aux |
| 35 | lived | live | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 20 walks | advcl |
| 36 | longest | long | ADV | Degree=Sup | 35 lived | advmod |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 remembers | cc |
| 38 | remembers | remember | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 lived | conj |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 most | det |
| 40 | most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 38 remembers | obj |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 family | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a elephant herd | a family | of grandmothers and mothers and aunts and sisters and babies | tree rules | |||
| 2 | walk | present | herd | a line | behind the oldest female | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in line=Trajectory | |||
| 3 | live | present · perfect | she | long property | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | remember | present | she not said here | the most | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent most=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:022-elephants-families-tusks-ears-memory.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/22-elephants-families-tusks-ears-memory/0/