Echolocation in the sea and in people: dolphins, whales, swiftlets and clicking humans, sentence 10
Some shrews and tenrecs use simple echoes from squeaks to explore tunnels and thick grass.
Who acts: shrews · What happens: use, explore · To what, where: simple echoes, squeaks, tunnels
This is a sentence of the lesson «Echolocation in the sea and in people: dolphins, whales, swiftlets and clicking humans» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shrews), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 2 shrews | det |
| 2 | shrews | shrew | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 use | nsubj |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 tenrecs | cc |
| 4 | tenrecs | tenrec | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 shrews | conj |
| 5 | use | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | simple | simple | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 echoes | amod |
| 7 | echoes | echo | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 use | obj |
| 8 | from | from | ADP | _ | 9 squeaks | case |
| 9 | squeaks | squeak | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 echoes | nmod |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 explore | mark |
| 11 | explore | explore | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 use | advcl |
| 12 | tunnels | tunnel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 explore | obj |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 grass | cc |
| 14 | thick | thick | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 grass | amod |
| 15 | grass | grass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 tunnels | conj |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 use | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | use | present | some shrews and tenrecs | simple echoes | squeaks | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent echo=Patient | |||
| 2 | explore | to-infinitive | some shrews and tenrecs not said here | tunnels and thick grass | vn investigate-35.4 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent tunnel=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:230-echolocation-in-the-sea-and-in-people-dolphins-whales-swiftlets-and-clicking-humans.lesson:10.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/230-echolocation-in-the-sea-and-in-people-dolphins-whales-swiftlets-and-clicking-humans/10/