Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehogs and armour, sentence 0

An animal that cannot run fast can still be very hard to eat: it can be spiky, smelly, or covered in armour like a knight.

Who acts: animal · What happens: not run, be, eat, cover

This is a sentence of the lesson «Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehogs and armour» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (animal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 animal	det
2	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 hard	nsubj
3	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 run	nsubj
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 run	aux
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 run	advmod
6	run	run	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 animal	acl:relcl
7	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	6 run	advmod
8	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 hard	aux
9	still	still	ADV	_	12 hard	advmod
10	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	12 hard	cop
11	very	very	ADV	_	12 hard	advmod
12	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
13	to	to	PART	_	14 eat	mark
14	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 hard	ccomp
15	:	:	PUNCT	_	19 spiky	punct
16	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 spiky	nsubj
17	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	19 spiky	aux
18	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	19 spiky	cop
19	spiky	spiky	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 eat	parataxis
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 smelly	punct
21	smelly	smelly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 spiky	conj
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 covered	punct
23	or	or	CCONJ	_	24 covered	cc
24	covered	cover	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	19 spiky	conj
25	in	in	ADP	_	26 armour	case
26	armour	armour	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 covered	obl
27	like	like	ADP	_	29 knight	case
28	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	29 knight	det
29	knight	knight	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 covered	obl
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 hard	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	when	other	roles by
1	not run	can	a animal		fast property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	can	a animal	still	hard property	tree rules
3	eat	to-infinitive	a animal not said here			vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	is	can	animal		spiky property	tree rules
5	be		animal not said here			tree rules
6	cover	participle	animal not said here		like a knight; in armour	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent in armour=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour.lesson:0.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour/0/