Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehogs and armour, sentence 4
Cartoons get some of it wrong, though: porcupines cannot shoot their quills, and a tortoise can never climb out of its shell.
Who acts: Cartoons, porcupines, tortoise · What happens: get, not shoot, not climb out · To what, where: some, quills
This is a sentence of the lesson «Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehogs and armour» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cartoons, porcupines, tortoise), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cartoons | cartoon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 get | nsubj |
| 2 | get | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 2 get | obj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 it | case |
| 5 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 some | nmod |
| 6 | wrong | wrong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 get | xcomp |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 shoot | punct |
| 8 | though | though | ADV | _ | 2 get | advmod |
| 9 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 2 get | punct |
| 10 | porcupines | porcupine | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 shoot | nsubj |
| 11 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 13 shoot | aux |
| 12 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 13 shoot | advmod |
| 13 | shoot | shoot | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 get | parataxis |
| 14 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 quills | nmod:poss |
| 15 | quills | quill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 shoot | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 climb | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 climb | cc |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 tortoise | det |
| 19 | tortoise | tortoise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 climb | nsubj |
| 20 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 climb | aux |
| 21 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 22 climb | advmod |
| 22 | climb | climb | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 shoot | conj |
| 23 | out | out | ADV | _ | 22 climb | advmod |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 shell | case |
| 25 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 shell | nmod:poss |
| 26 | shell | shell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 climb | obl |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 get | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | get | present | Cartoons | some | though, wrong property | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer some=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | not shoot | can | porcupines | cartoons's quills | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent quill=Theme | ||||
| 3 | not climb out | can | a tortoise | of tortoise's shell; out property | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme of shell=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour.lesson:4.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour/4/