Defences: tricks and myths: playing dead, dropping tails, ink, and do ostriches bury their heads?, sentence 10

Big eyespots on a moth's wings can startle a bird, and small eyespots near the wing tips draw pecks away from the head; butterflies with a torn eyespot often survive.

Who acts: Big eyespots, small eyespots, butterflies · What happens: startle, draw, tear, survive · To what, where: bird, pecks

This is a sentence of the lesson «Defences: tricks and myths: playing dead, dropping tails, ink, and do ostriches bury their heads?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Big eyespots, small eyespots, butterflies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 eyespots	amod
2	eyespots	eyespot	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 startle	nsubj
3	on	on	ADP	_	7 wings	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 moth	det
5	moth	moth	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 wings	nmod:poss
6	's	's	PART	_	5 moth	case
7	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 eyespots	nmod
8	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 startle	aux
9	startle	startle	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 bird	det
11	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 startle	obj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 draw	punct
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 draw	cc
14	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 eyespots	amod
15	eyespots	eyespot	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 draw	nsubj
16	near	near	ADP	_	19 tips	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 tips	det
18	wing	wing	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 tips	compound
19	tips	tip	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 eyespots	nmod
20	draw	draw	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 startle	conj
21	pecks	peck	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 draw	obj
22	away	away	ADV	_	20 draw	advmod
23	from	from	ADP	_	25 head	case
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 head	det
25	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 away	obl
26	;	;	PUNCT	_	27 butterflies	punct
27	butterflies	butterfly	NOUN	Number=Plur	33 survive	nsubj
28	with	with	ADP	_	31 eyespot	case
29	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	31 eyespot	det
30	torn	tear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	31 eyespot	amod
31	eyespot	eyespot	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 butterflies	nmod
32	often	often	ADV	_	33 survive	advmod
33	survive	survive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 startle	parataxis
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 startle	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	startle	can	Big eyespots on a moth's wings	a bird		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus bird=Experiencer
2	draw	present	small eyespots near the wing tips	pecks	away property	vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent peck=Theme
3	tear	participle				vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	survive	present	butterflies with a torn eyespot		often property	vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:249-defences-tricks-and-myths-playing-dead-dropping-tails-ink-and-ostriches.lesson:10.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/249-defences-tricks-and-myths-playing-dead-dropping-tails-ink-and-ostriches/10/