Plants deeper: the oldest, tallest and strangest trees, sentence 13
A banyan drops roots from its branches that become new trunks, and the Great Banyan in Kolkata covers an area like a big park with thousands of root-trunks, though its main trunk was removed in 1925.
Who acts: banyan, branches, Great Banyan · What happens: drop, become, cover, remove · To what, where: roots, branches, new trunks, area, main trunk, 1925
This is a sentence of the lesson «Plants deeper: the oldest, tallest and strangest trees» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (banyan, branches, Great Banyan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 banyan | det |
| 2 | banyan | banyan | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 drops | nsubj |
| 3 | drops | drop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | roots | root | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 drops | obj |
| 5 | from | from | ADP | _ | 7 branches | case |
| 6 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 branches | nmod:poss |
| 7 | branches | branch | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 drops | obl |
| 8 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 become | nsubj |
| 9 | become | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 branches | acl:relcl |
| 10 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 trunks | amod |
| 11 | trunks | trunk | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 become | xcomp |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 covers | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 covers | cc |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 Banyan | det |
| 15 | Great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 Banyan | amod |
| 16 | Banyan | banyan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 covers | nsubj |
| 17 | in | in | ADP | _ | 18 Kolkata | case |
| 18 | Kolkata | Kolkata | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 Banyan | nmod |
| 19 | covers | cover | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 drops | conj |
| 20 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 area | det |
| 21 | area | area | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 covers | obj |
| 22 | like | like | ADP | _ | 25 park | case |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 park | det |
| 24 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 park | amod |
| 25 | park | park | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 area | nmod |
| 26 | with | with | ADP | _ | 27 thousands | case |
| 27 | thousands | thousand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 park | nmod |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 trunks | case |
| 29 | root | root | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 trunks | compound |
| 30 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 29 root | punct |
| 31 | trunks | trunk | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 thousands | nmod |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 removed | punct |
| 33 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 38 removed | mark |
| 34 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 trunk | nmod:poss |
| 35 | main | main | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 trunk | amod |
| 36 | trunk | trunk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 removed | nsubj:pass |
| 37 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 38 removed | aux:pass |
| 38 | removed | remove | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 covers | advcl |
| 39 | in | in | ADP | _ | 40 1925 | case |
| 40 | 1925 | 1925 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 38 removed | obl |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 drops | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | drop | present | a banyan | roots | banyan's branches | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent root=Theme from branch=Destination | |||
| 2 | become | present | banyan's branches | new trunks | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 3 | cover | present | the Great Banyan in Kolkata | a area | like a big park with thousands of root trunks | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent area=Destination | |||
| 4 | remove | past · passive | trunk's main trunk | 1925 | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/253-plants-deeper-the-oldest-tallest-and-strangest-trees/13/