The microscopic world: bacteria, good and bad, sentence 11

Soap breaks up the greasy layer on germs and lifts them off the skin; washing for about 20 seconds, between fingers and under nails, removes most of them.

Who acts: Soap, washing · What happens: break up, lift, wash, remove · To what, where: greasy layer, germs, skin, most

This is a sentence of the lesson «The microscopic world: bacteria, good and bad» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Soap, washing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Soap	soap	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 breaks	nsubj
2	breaks	break	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	up	up	ADP	_	2 breaks	compound:prt
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 layer	det
5	greasy	greasy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 layer	amod
6	layer	layer	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 breaks	obj
7	on	on	ADP	_	8 germs	case
8	germs	germ	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 layer	nmod
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 lifts	cc
10	lifts	lift	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 breaks	conj
11	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 lifts	obj
12	off	off	ADP	_	14 skin	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 skin	det
14	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 lifts	obl
15	;	;	PUNCT	_	16 washing	punct
16	washing	wash	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	28 removes	csubj
17	for	for	ADP	_	20 seconds	case
18	about	about	ADV	_	19 20	advmod
19	20	20	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	20 seconds	nummod
20	seconds	second	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 washing	obl
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 fingers	punct
22	between	between	ADP	_	23 fingers	case
23	fingers	finger	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 seconds	conj
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 nails	cc
25	under	under	ADP	_	26 nails	case
26	nails	nail	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 fingers	conj
27	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 removes	punct
28	removes	remove	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 breaks	conj
29	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	28 removes	obj
30	of	of	ADP	_	31 them	case
31	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	29 most	nmod
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 breaks	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	roles by
1	break up	present	Soap	the greasy layer	germs		vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent layer=Patient
2	lift	present	Soap not said here	germs = germ	the skin		vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme off skin=Destination
3	wash	gerund				second	vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	remove	present	washing	most of germs			vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent most=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:257-the-microscopic-world-bacteria-good-and-bad.lesson:11.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/257-the-microscopic-world-bacteria-good-and-bad/11/