The microscopic world: bacteria, good and bad, sentence 12
In 1847 the doctor Ignaz Semmelweis found that handwashing by doctors saved mothers' lives, but many other doctors laughed at him, because nobody yet knew that germs spread illness.
Who acts: doctor, handwashing, many other doctors, nobody, germs · What happens: find, save, laugh, know, spread · To what, where: 1847, lives, illness · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «The microscopic world: bacteria, good and bad» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (doctor, handwashing, many other doctors, nobody), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 1847 | case |
| 2 | 1847 | 1847 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 7 found | obl |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 doctor | det |
| 4 | doctor | doctor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 found | nsubj |
| 5 | Ignaz | Ignaz | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 doctor | appos |
| 6 | Semmelweis | Semmelweis | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 Ignaz | flat |
| 7 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 12 saved | mark |
| 9 | handwashing | handwashing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 saved | nsubj |
| 10 | by | by | ADP | _ | 11 doctors | case |
| 11 | doctors | doctor | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 handwashing | nmod |
| 12 | saved | save | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 found | ccomp |
| 13 | mothers | mother | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 lives | nmod:poss |
| 14 | ' | 's | PART | _ | 13 mothers | case |
| 15 | lives | life | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 saved | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 laughed | punct |
| 17 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 21 laughed | cc |
| 18 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 doctors | amod |
| 19 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 doctors | amod |
| 20 | doctors | doctor | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 laughed | nsubj |
| 21 | laughed | laugh | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 found | conj |
| 22 | at | at | ADP | _ | 23 him | case |
| 23 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 laughed | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 nobody | punct |
| 25 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 28 knew | mark |
| 26 | nobody | nobody | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 28 knew | nsubj |
| 27 | yet | yet | ADV | _ | 28 knew | advmod |
| 28 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 laughed | advcl |
| 29 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 31 spread | mark |
| 30 | germs | germ | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 spread | nsubj |
| 31 | spread | spread | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 knew | ccomp |
| 32 | illness | illness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 spread | obj |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 found | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | find | past | the doctor | 1847 | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | ||||
| 2 | save | past | handwashing by doctors | mothers's lives | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Theme | ||||
| 3 | laugh | past | many other doctors | at handwashing | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | know | past | nobody | yet | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | spread | past | germs | illness | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location illness=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:257-the-microscopic-world-bacteria-good-and-bad.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/257-the-microscopic-world-bacteria-good-and-bad/12/