The microscopic world: bacteria, good and bad, sentence 13

In good conditions a bacterium can split in two every 20 minutes, so one can become millions in a few hours; a fridge slows bacteria down but does not kill them.

Who acts: bacterium, one, fridge · What happens: split, become, slow down, not kill · To what, where: two, good conditions, millions, bacteria

This is a sentence of the lesson «The microscopic world: bacteria, good and bad» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bacterium, one, fridge), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 conditions	case
2	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 conditions	amod
3	conditions	condition	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 split	obl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 bacterium	det
5	bacterium	bacterium	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 split	nsubj
6	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 split	aux
7	split	split	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
8	in	in	ADP	_	12 minutes	case
9	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 split	obl
10	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	12 minutes	det
11	20	20	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	12 minutes	nummod
12	minutes	minute	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 split	obl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 become	punct
14	so	so	ADV	_	17 become	advmod
15	one	one	PRON	Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 become	nsubj
16	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	17 become	aux
17	become	become	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 split	conj
18	millions	million	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 become	xcomp
19	in	in	ADP	_	22 hours	case
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	22 hours	det
21	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 hours	amod
22	hours	hour	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 become	obl
23	;	;	PUNCT	_	26 slows	punct
24	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	25 fridge	det
25	fridge	fridge	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 slows	nsubj
26	slows	slow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 split	parataxis
27	bacteria	bacterium	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 slows	obj
28	down	down	ADV	_	26 slows	advmod
29	but	but	CCONJ	_	32 kill	cc
30	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	32 kill	aux
31	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	32 kill	advmod
32	kill	kill	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	26 slows	conj
33	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	32 kill	obj
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 split	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	split	can	a bacterium	two	good conditions	minute		vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	become	can	one	millions		hour		vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
3	slow down	present	a fridge	bacteria			down property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent bacterium=Patient
4	not kill	present · do-support	a fridge not said here	Bacteria = bacterium				vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:257-the-microscopic-world-bacteria-good-and-bad.lesson:13.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/257-the-microscopic-world-bacteria-good-and-bad/13/