The microscopic world: viruses and vaccines, sentence 6

A virus gets into a cell and makes the cell build copies of the virus; it cannot copy itself on its own, so scientists argue whether viruses are alive.

Who acts: virus, scientists, viruses · What happens: get, make, build, not copy, argue, be · To what, where: cell, copies, virus, own · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «The microscopic world: viruses and vaccines» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (virus, scientists, viruses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 virus	det
2	virus	virus	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gets	nsubj
3	gets	get	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	into	into	ADP	_	6 cell	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 cell	det
6	cell	cell	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gets	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 makes	cc
8	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 gets	conj
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 cell	det
10	cell	cell	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 build	compound
11	build	build	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 makes	xcomp
12	copies	copy	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 build	obj
13	of	of	ADP	_	15 virus	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 virus	det
15	virus	virus	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 copies	nmod
16	;	;	PUNCT	_	20 copy	punct
17	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 copy	nsubj
18	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	20 copy	aux
19	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	20 copy	advmod
20	copy	copy	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 makes	parataxis
21	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	20 copy	obj
22	on	on	ADP	_	24 own	case
23	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	24 own	nmod:poss
24	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 copy	obl
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 argue	punct
26	so	so	ADV	_	28 argue	advmod
27	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 argue	nsubj
28	argue	argue	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 gets	parataxis
29	whether	whether	SCONJ	_	32 alive	mark
30	viruses	virus	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 alive	nsubj
31	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	32 alive	cop
32	alive	alive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	28 argue	ccomp
33	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 gets	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	get	present	a virus		a cell		vn escape-51.1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into cell=Destination
2	make	present	a virus not said here				tree rules
3	build	infinitive	a virus not said here	copies of the virus			vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset copy=Product
4	not copy	can	virus	virus	virus's own		vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent itself=Theme on own=Destination
5	argue speech: disagree	present	scientists				vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
6	is	present	viruses			alive property	tree rules
7	copy			the virus			nom copy «communication transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:258-the-microscopic-world-viruses-and-vaccines.lesson:6.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/258-the-microscopic-world-viruses-and-vaccines/6/