How scientists find out: naturalists, Darwin, the microscope and wildlife filming, sentence 0
Science about living things starts with looking very carefully: a girl in the park who draws a beetle in her notebook, writes the date and counts its legs is doing what naturalists have always done.
Who acts: Science, girl, naturalists · What happens: start, look, draw, write, count, do · To what, where: beetle, notebook, date, legs
This is a sentence of the lesson «How scientists find out: naturalists, Darwin, the microscope and wildlife filming» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Science, girl, naturalists), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Science | science | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 starts | nsubj |
| 2 | about | about | ADP | _ | 4 things | case |
| 3 | living | living | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 things | amod |
| 4 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Science | nmod |
| 5 | starts | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | with | with | SCONJ | _ | 7 looking | mark |
| 7 | looking | look | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 starts | advcl |
| 8 | very | very | ADV | _ | 9 carefully | advmod |
| 9 | carefully | carefully | ADV | _ | 7 looking | advmod |
| 10 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 17 draws | punct |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 girl | det |
| 12 | girl | girl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 doing | nsubj |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 park | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 park | det |
| 15 | park | park | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 girl | nmod |
| 16 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 draws | nsubj |
| 17 | draws | draw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 girl | acl:relcl |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 beetle | det |
| 19 | beetle | beetle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 draws | obj |
| 20 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 notebook | case |
| 21 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 notebook | nmod:poss |
| 22 | notebook | notebook | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 draws | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 writes | punct |
| 24 | writes | write | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 draws | conj |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 date | det |
| 26 | date | date | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 writes | obj |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 counts | cc |
| 28 | counts | count | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 writes | conj |
| 29 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 legs | nmod:poss |
| 30 | legs | leg | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 counts | obj |
| 31 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 doing | aux |
| 32 | doing | do | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 starts | parataxis |
| 33 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 37 done | obj |
| 34 | naturalists | naturalist | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 done | nsubj |
| 35 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 done | aux |
| 36 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 37 done | advmod |
| 37 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 32 doing | ccomp |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 starts | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | start | present | Science about living things | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | |||||
| 2 | look | gerund | Science about living things not said here | carefully property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | draw | present | a girl in the park | a beetle | girl's notebook | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent beetle=Theme in notebook=Destination | |||
| 4 | write | present | a girl in the park not said here | the date | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent date=Theme | ||||
| 5 | count | present | a girl in the park not said here | Science's legs | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leg=Theme | ||||
| 6 | do | present · progressive | a girl in the park | tree rules | |||||
| 7 | do | present · perfect | naturalists | always property | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:264-how-scientists-find-out-naturalists-darwin-the-microscope-and-wildlife-filming.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/264-how-scientists-find-out-naturalists-darwin-the-microscope-and-wildlife-filming/0/