How scientists find out: naturalists, Darwin, the microscope and wildlife filming, sentence 2

New tools open hidden worlds: the microscope showed cells and bacteria, ringing birds' legs shows where they travel, and camera traps film snow leopards that people almost never see.

Who acts: microscope, ringing, legs, camera traps, people · What happens: show, ring, travel, film, not see · To what, where: cells, legs, snow leopards · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «How scientists find out: naturalists, Darwin, the microscope and wildlife filming» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (microscope, ringing, legs, camera traps), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	New	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 tools	amod
2	tools	tool	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	open	open	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 worlds	amod
4	hidden	hidden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 worlds	amod
5	worlds	world	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 tools	conj
6	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 showed	punct
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 microscope	det
8	microscope	microscope	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 showed	nsubj
9	showed	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 tools	parataxis
10	cells	cell	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 showed	obj
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 bacteria	cc
12	bacteria	bacterium	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 cells	conj
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 ringing	punct
14	ringing	ring	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	18 shows	csubj
15	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 legs	nmod:poss
16	'	's	PART	_	15 birds	case
17	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 ringing	obj
18	shows	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 showed	conj
19	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	21 travel	advmod
20	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 travel	nsubj
21	travel	travel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 shows	ccomp
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 leopards	punct
23	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 film	cc
24	camera	camera	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 traps	compound
25	traps	trap	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 film	nsubj
26	film	film	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 shows	conj
27	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 leopards	compound
28	leopards	leopard	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 film	obj
29	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	33 see	obj
30	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	33 see	nsubj
31	almost	almost	ADV	_	32 never	advmod
32	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	33 see	advmod
33	see	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	28 leopards	acl:relcl
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 tools	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	show	past	the microscope	cells and bacteria	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent cell=Recipient
2	ring	gerund		birds's legs	vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location leg=Theme
3	show	present	ringing		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
4	travel	present	legs = leg		vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	film	present	camera traps	snow leopards	vn transcribe-25.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leopard=Theme
6	not see	present	people	snow leopards	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer that=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:264-how-scientists-find-out-naturalists-darwin-the-microscope-and-wildlife-filming.lesson:2.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/264-how-scientists-find-out-naturalists-darwin-the-microscope-and-wildlife-filming/2/