Dolphins, porpoises and seals, sentence 4
Cartoons show a dolphin always smiling and a seal clapping and balancing a ball; the «smile» is just the shape of a dolphin's mouth, not a happy face, and the clapping seal is a trained sea lion, not what wild seals do.
Who acts: Cartoons, dolphin, seal, smile, clapping seal, wild seals · What happens: show, smile, clapping, balance, be, train · To what, where: ball, shape, trained sea lion · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Dolphins, porpoises and seals» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cartoons, dolphin, seal, smile), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cartoons | cartoon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 show | nsubj |
| 2 | show | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 dolphin | det |
| 4 | dolphin | dolphin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 smiling | nsubj |
| 5 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 6 smiling | advmod |
| 6 | smiling | smile | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 show | ccomp |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 clapping | cc |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 seal | det |
| 9 | seal | seal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 clapping | nsubj |
| 10 | clapping | clapping | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 smiling | conj |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 balancing | cc |
| 12 | balancing | balance | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 clapping | conj |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 ball | det |
| 14 | ball | ball | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 balancing | obj |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 23 shape | punct |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 smile | det |
| 17 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 18 smile | punct |
| 18 | smile | smile | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 shape | nsubj |
| 19 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 18 smile | punct |
| 20 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 shape | cop |
| 21 | just | just | ADV | _ | 23 shape | advmod |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 shape | det |
| 23 | shape | shape | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 show | parataxis |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 mouth | case |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 dolphin | det |
| 26 | dolphin | dolphin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 mouth | nmod:poss |
| 27 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 26 dolphin | case |
| 28 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 shape | nmod |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 face | punct |
| 30 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 33 face | advmod |
| 31 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 33 face | det |
| 32 | happy | happy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 face | amod |
| 33 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 mouth | conj |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 lion | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 lion | cc |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 seal | det |
| 37 | clapping | clapping | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 seal | compound |
| 38 | seal | seal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 lion | nsubj |
| 39 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 43 lion | cop |
| 40 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 43 lion | det |
| 41 | trained | train | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 43 lion | amod |
| 42 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 lion | compound |
| 43 | lion | lion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 show | parataxis |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 what | punct |
| 45 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 46 what | advmod |
| 46 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Rel | 43 lion | conj |
| 47 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 48 seals | amod |
| 48 | seals | seal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 49 do | nsubj |
| 49 | do | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 46 what | acl:relcl |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 show | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | show | present | Cartoons | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | smile | gerund | a dolphin | always property | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | clapping | gerund | a seal | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | balance | gerund | a seal not said here | a ball | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location ball=Theme | ||||
| 5 | is a | present | the smile | the shape | of a dolphin's mouth and a happy face | tree rules | |||
| 6 | train | participle | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 7 | is a | present | the clapping seal | a trained sea lion | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | do | present | wild seals | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:027-dolphins-porpoises-and-seals.lesson:4.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/27-dolphins-porpoises-and-seals/4/