Natural selection we can watch: moths, finches, germs and tuskless elephants, sentence 4

People can do the choosing too: by picking which dogs have puppies, we made every breed from a sausage dog to a Great Dane; that is artificial selection.

Who acts: People, we, dogs, that · What happens: do, pick, have, make, be · To what, where: choosing, puppies, breed, artificial selection

This is a sentence of the lesson «Natural selection we can watch: moths, finches, germs and tuskless elephants» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (People, we, dogs, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	People	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 do	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 do	aux
3	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 choosing	det
5	choosing	choosing	NOUN	_	3 do	obj
6	too	too	ADV	_	3 do	advmod
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	3 do	punct
8	by	by	SCONJ	_	9 picking	mark
9	picking	pick	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	16 made	advcl
10	which	which	DET	PronType=Rel	11 dogs	det
11	dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 have	nsubj
12	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 picking	ccomp
13	puppies	puppy	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 have	obj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 made	punct
15	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	16 made	nsubj
16	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 do	parataxis
17	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	18 breed	det
18	breed	breed	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 made	obj
19	from	from	ADP	_	22 dog	case
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	22 dog	det
21	sausage	sausage	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 dog	compound
22	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 made	obl
23	to	to	ADP	_	26 Dane	case
24	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	26 Dane	det
25	Great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 Dane	amod
26	Dane	dane	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 dog	nmod
27	;	;	PUNCT	_	31 selection	punct
28	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	31 selection	nsubj
29	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	31 selection	cop
30	artificial	artificial	ADJ	Degree=Pos	31 selection	amod
31	selection	selection	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 made	parataxis
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 do	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	do	can	People	the choosing		vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent choosing=Eventuality
2	pick	gerund	we not said here			tree rules
3	have	present	which dogs	puppies		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent puppy=Patient
4	make	past	we	every breed	from a sausage dog to a Great Dane	vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.product PP.material»: agent=Agent breed=Product from dog=Material
5	is a	present	that	artificial selection		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants.lesson:4.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants/4/