Frogs of the world: tree frogs, glass frogs, flying frogs and the goliath frog, sentence 15
Frogs pull their eyes down into the head when they swallow, so the eyeballs press on the roof of the mouth and help push food down the throat.
Who acts: Frogs, eyeballs · What happens: pull down, swallow, press, help, push · To what, where: eyes, head, food, throat
This is a sentence of the lesson «Frogs of the world: tree frogs, glass frogs, flying frogs and the goliath frog» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Frogs, eyeballs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Frogs | frog | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 pull | nsubj |
| 2 | pull | pull | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 4 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 pull | obj |
| 5 | down | down | ADV | _ | 2 pull | advmod |
| 6 | into | into | ADP | _ | 8 head | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 head | det |
| 8 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 pull | obl |
| 9 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 11 swallow | mark |
| 10 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 swallow | nsubj |
| 11 | swallow | swallow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 pull | advcl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 press | punct |
| 13 | so | so | ADV | _ | 16 press | advmod |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 eyeballs | det |
| 15 | eyeballs | eyeball | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 press | nsubj |
| 16 | press | press | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 pull | parataxis |
| 17 | on | on | ADP | _ | 19 roof | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 roof | det |
| 19 | roof | roof | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 press | obl |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 mouth | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 mouth | det |
| 22 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 roof | nmod |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 help | cc |
| 24 | help | help | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 press | conj |
| 25 | push | push | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 help | xcomp |
| 26 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 push | obj |
| 27 | down | down | ADP | _ | 29 throat | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 throat | det |
| 29 | throat | throat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 push | obl |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 pull | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pull down | present | Frogs | Frogs's eyes | the head | down property | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Theme | ||
| 2 | swallow | present | Frogs = frog | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | press | present | the eyeballs | on the roof of the mouth | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent on roof=Theme | ||||
| 4 | help | present | the eyeballs not said here | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 5 | push | infinitive | the eyeballs not said here | food | the throat | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent food=Theme down throat=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog.lesson:15.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog/15/