Frogs and toads near home: spawn, croaking choruses, toad crossings and the fire-bellied toad, sentence 11
Toads do not give you warts; warts on people are caused by a virus, and the toad's bumps are glands, not warts.
Who acts: Toads, virus, bumps, toad · What happens: not give, cause, be, bump · To what, where: warts, you, glands
This is a sentence of the lesson «Frogs and toads near home: spawn, croaking choruses, toad crossings and the fire-bellied toad» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Toads, virus, bumps, toad), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Toads | toad | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 give | nsubj |
| 2 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 give | aux |
| 3 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 4 give | advmod |
| 4 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 4 give | iobj |
| 6 | warts | wart | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 give | obj |
| 7 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 8 warts | punct |
| 8 | warts | wart | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 caused | nsubj:pass |
| 9 | on | on | ADP | _ | 10 people | case |
| 10 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 warts | nmod |
| 11 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 caused | aux:pass |
| 12 | caused | cause | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 give | parataxis |
| 13 | by | by | ADP | _ | 15 virus | case |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 virus | det |
| 15 | virus | virus | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 caused | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 glands | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 glands | cc |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 toad | det |
| 19 | toad | toad | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 bumps | nmod:poss |
| 20 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 19 toad | case |
| 21 | bumps | bump | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 glands | nsubj |
| 22 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 glands | cop |
| 23 | glands | gland | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 caused | conj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 warts | punct |
| 25 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 26 warts | advmod |
| 26 | warts | wart | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 glands | conj |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 give | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- neg
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not give | present · do-support | Toads | warts | you | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent you=Recipient wart=Theme | |||
| 2 | cause | present · passive | a virus | warts on people | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition subject=Patient | ||||
| 3 | is a | present | the toad's bumps | glands and warts | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | bump | the toad | nom bump «state transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:309-frogs-and-toads-near-home-spawn-croaking-choruses-toad-crossings-and-the-fire-bellied-toad.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/309-frogs-and-toads-near-home-spawn-croaking-choruses-toad-crossings-and-the-fire-bellied-toad/11/