Frogs and toads near home: spawn, croaking choruses, toad crossings and the fire-bellied toad, sentence 8

Out of a thousand eggs only a few become adult frogs, because fish, newts, birds, beetles and dragonfly larvae eat many, which is why frogs lay so many eggs.

Who acts: few, fish, frogs · What happens: become, eat, be, lay · To what, where: adult frogs, thousand eggs, many, many eggs

This is a sentence of the lesson «Frogs and toads near home: spawn, croaking choruses, toad crossings and the fire-bellied toad» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (few, fish, frogs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Out	out	ADP	_	5 eggs	case
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 eggs	case
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 eggs	det
4	thousand	thousand	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 eggs	nummod
5	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 become	obl
6	only	only	ADV	_	8 few	advmod
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 few	det
8	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 become	nsubj
9	become	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	adult	adult	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 frogs	amod
11	frogs	frog	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 become	xcomp
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 become	punct
13	because	because	SCONJ	ExtPos=ADP	24 eat	mark
14	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 eat	nsubj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 newts	punct
16	newts	newt	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 fish	conj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 birds	punct
18	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 fish	conj
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 beetles	punct
20	beetles	beetle	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 fish	conj
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 larvae	cc
22	dragonfly	dragonfly	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 larvae	compound
23	larvae	larva	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 fish	conj
24	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 become	advcl
25	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 eat	obj
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 why	punct
27	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	29 why	nsubj
28	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	29 why	cop
29	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	24 eat	conj
30	frogs	frog	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 lay	nsubj
31	lay	lay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	29 why	advcl:relcl
32	so	so	ADV	_	33 many	advmod
33	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	34 eggs	amod
34	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 lay	obj
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 become	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	become	present	a few	adult frogs	a thousand eggs		vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
2	eat	present	fish and newts and birds and beetles and dragonfly larvae	many			vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent many=Patient
3	is	present				why property	tree rules
4	lay	present	frogs	many eggs			vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Result

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:309-frogs-and-toads-near-home-spawn-croaking-choruses-toad-crossings-and-the-fire-bellied-toad.lesson:8.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/309-frogs-and-toads-near-home-spawn-croaking-choruses-toad-crossings-and-the-fire-bellied-toad/8/